KIM Rapid Memory Load/Dump Routine
Bruce Nazarian
1007 Wright Street #3
Ann Arbor, MI 48105
This routine works well for mass entering of stuff like long programs from a hex dump or similar, where you can tell at a glance where any errors in your entries are. A few words of additional explanation about it:
For those users who would rather have a Carriage Return activate the address entry portion and the associated functions, substitute ASCII CR ($0D) at location $010E. This will do the trick and is the same as Markus Goenner's function from his TTY load routine from K.U.N. Thanks go to him for the use of some of his programming techniques.
The directions also indicate that the program will list until it senses a key pressed at the end of a line. This is true, but the user should only use one of the DATA keys on the keypad, not ST or RS.
Finally, the routine will only indicate the stopped address after the user commands RUBOUT thru his terminal. Then the KIM monitor will print the current pointer, which will be the address where it stopped dumping.
If you want the routine to present one line of hex at a time, and wait on a key depression before looping back again and printing another line, make this change:
0147 20 6A 1F JSR KEYIN (Instead of the getkey subroutine) 014A D0 FB BNE 0147 014C EA EA NOP NOP's to fill previous coding
0100 ORG $0100 0100 D8 ENTER CLD Clear decimal mode 0101 A9 00 LDA #$00 Zero out the input buffers 0103 85 F8 STA INL Low... 0105 85 F9 STA INH And High... 0107 20 2F 1E JSR CRLF Use KIM Subroutine to send functions 010A 20 5A 1E ADDR JSR GETCH Input one character... (of starting addr) 010D C9 20 CMP $20 Check for go ahead... (Insert 0D for CR) 010F F0 05 BEQ DATA If yes, load address from buff in pointer. 0111 20 AC 1F JSR PACK If no, load character into INL,INH 0114 F0 F4 BEQ ADDR ...and loop back again 0116 20 CC 1F DATA JSR OPEN Move INL,INH, to POINTL,POINTH... 0119 20 2F 1E DECIDE JSR CRLF (Saves bytes, doesn't it?) 011C 20 5A 1E INPUT JSR GETCH Now input some Hex for the code... 011F C9 4C CMP #$4C 'L' (Load memory)? 0121 F0 2E BEQ LOAD Yes, branch to LOAD portion (0151) 0123 C9 51 CMP #$51 'Q' (Dump from memory)? 0125 D0 F5 BNE INPUT NO, ignore invalid characters; Loop... 0127 A9 0F DUMP LDA #$0F Set up byte counter (16 decimal) 0129 8D 7F 01 STA COUNT stick it in $017F 012C 20 2F 1E JSR CRLF New line, please... 012F 20 1E 1E JSR PRTPNT Output the current pointer address 0132 20 9E 1E JSR OUTSP ...and space it... 0135 20 9E 1E GET JSR OUTSP ...again... 0138 A0 00 LDY #$00 Set up Y-Register for Indirect addressing 013A B1 FA LDA (POINTL),Y Load contents of pointed address 013C 20 3B 1E JSR PRTBYT ...and print as two hex digits... 013F 20 63 1F JSR INCPT Increment the double-byte pointer0142 CE 7F 01 DEC COUNT Decrement the byte counter 0145 10 EE BPL GET And loop back if not finished yet 0147 20 6A 1F JSR GETKEY After 16th byte, test for end of list 014A C9 15 CMP #$15 ...and if no key is pressed, 014C F0 D9 BEQ DUMP go back and output another 16 bytes... 014E 4C 64 1C JMP CLEAR else jump to Clear input buffs... 0151 20 2F 1E LOAD JSR CRLF 0154 20 5A 1E READ JSR GETCH Input one character... 0157 C9 0D CMP #'CR' ...and if it is a carriage return... 0159 F0 F6 BEQ LOAD ..let it function, but ignore it.. 015B C9 1B CMP #'ESC' ...or if it is "Escape" ...go 015F 015D D0 06 BNE STORE ...if not, must be valid... Store it. 015F 20 80 01 JSR STRING ...else send '? KIM ?' prompter... 0162 4C 64 1C JMP CLEAR ..and clear buffers... exit load routine 0165 20 AC 1F STORE JSR PACK Pack character into INL,INH 0168 D0 EA BNE READ If packed value is zero, skip it... 016A 20 5A 1E JSR GETCH Get second byte of Hex code 016D 20 AC 1F JSR PACK ...and pack it also... 0170 A0 00 LDY #$00 Set up for indirect addressing 0172 A5 F8 LDA INL Bring in packed value... 0174 91 FA STA (POINTL),Y ...and store it at pointed address 0176 20 63 1F JSR INCPT Increment the double-byte pointer 0179 18 CLC 017A 90 D8 BCC READ Branch always... 017C EA EA EA NOP Waste some space 017F [XX] COUNT [This location used to hold the variable byte cntr] 0180 ; Subroutine “STRING” to send KIM prompter 0180 ORG $0180 0180 A2 0C STRING LDX #$0C Set up X-reg as counter 0182 BD 90 01 STRNG2 LDA TABLE,X Get character at TABLE +X 0185 20 A0 1E JSR OUTCH Ship it out... 0188 CA DEX Decrement the counter 0189 10 F7 BPL STRNG2 Loop is not finished 018B 60 RTS Else return to mainline when done 018C EA EA EA NOP NOP's to fill 0190 20 3F 20 TABLE .BYTE 'SP,?,SP, 0193 4D 49 4B M,I,K 0196 20 3F 00 SP,?,NUL, 0199 00 0A 0D NUL,LF,CR 019C 0D CR'
Some Instructions To Help It All Make Sense:
- This routine is set up for an I/O device of the user's choosing, as long as it is fed thru the KIM internal TTY port.. Users with other I/O will have to modify the coding to suit their particular situation.
- The routine is self-contained on Page One and leaves all other memory free for user programs, but be prepared, as always, to re-read the routine from cassette should the stack overwrite the routine.
- Execute as follows:
After loading the coding, a “GO” executed at address $0100 will get the ball rolling… your terminal should immediately execute a CR/LF sequence and will pause… Begin by typing in the four digit address you wish to start loading, or dumping from… If you err in typing, just correct by typing in the correct address again, just like the KIM TTY monitor… A “SPACE” after the correct address is in place will enter that address into the pointer… The program will again send CR/LF and pause… now, enter “L” if you wish to use the rapid load routine, or “Q” if you wish a formatted memory dump from your indicated address… If LOAD was chosen, you may now begin entering data in two-digit HEX and the pointer will be taken care of for you automatically… a good way to do this is to enter two hex digits, and then space, as the routine will ignore the packed space character and only enter the valid hex… If DUMP was chosen, the routine will now commence to dump the contents of memory consecutively from your indicated address like this:
0200 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 0210 EA EA EA .............................. etc.
IT WILL LIST CONTINUOUSLY UNTIL YOU PRESS A KEY ON THE KIM KEYPAD AND HOLD IT DOWN AT THE END OF A LINE.
It will then stop and indicate the stopped address.