The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Heroes, by Charles Kingsley


This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org





Title: The Heroes
       or Greek Fairy Tales for my Children


Author: Charles Kingsley



Release Date: January 3, 2011  [eBook #677]
This file was first posted on October 4, 1996

Language: English

Character set encoding: UTF-8


***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HEROES***


Transcribed from the 1889 Macmillan and Co. edition by David Price, email
ccx074@pglaf.org





                               THE HEROES,
                                    OR
                            GREEK FAIRY TALES


                             FOR MY CHILDREN

                                * * * * *

                                    BY
                             CHARLES KINGSLEY

                                * * * * *

                              _ILLUSTRATED_

                                * * * * *

                                 LONDON:
                            MACMILLAN AND CO.
                               AND NEW YORK
                                   1889

                  _The right of translation if reserved_

                                * * * * *

                 _Printed by_ R. & R. CLARK, _Edinburgh_.

                                * * * * *

                                    TO
                               MY CHILDREN

                         ROSE, MAURICE, AND MARY

                             A LITTLE PRESENT
                         OF OLD GREEK FAIRY TALES




PREFACE


MY DEAR CHILDREN,

Some of you have heard already of the old Greeks; and all of you, as you
grow up, will hear more and more of them.  Those of you who are boys
will, perhaps, spend a great deal of time in reading Greek books; and the
girls, though they may not learn Greek, will be sure to come across a
great many stories taken from Greek history, and to see, I may say every
day, things which we should not have had if it had not been for these old
Greeks.  You can hardly find a well-written book which has not in it
Greek names, and words, and proverbs; you cannot walk through a great
town without passing Greek buildings; you cannot go into a well-furnished
room without seeing Greek statues and ornaments, even Greek patterns of
furniture and paper; so strangely have these old Greeks left their mark
behind them upon this modern world in which we now live.  And as you grow
up, and read more and more, you will find that we owe to these old Greeks
the beginners of all our mathematics and geometry—that is, the science
and knowledge of numbers, and of the shapes of things, and of the forces
which make things move and stand at rest; and the beginnings of our
geography and astronomy; and of our laws, and freedom, and politics—that
is, the science of how to rule a country, and make it peaceful and
strong.  And we owe to them, too, the beginning of our logic—that is, the
study of words and of reasoning; and of our metaphysics—that is, the
study of our own thoughts and souls.  And last of all, they made their
language so beautiful that foreigners used to take to it instead of their
own; and at last Greek became the common language of educated people all
over the old world, from Persia and Egypt even to Spain and Britain.  And
therefore it was that the New Testament was written in Greek, that it
might be read and understood by all the nations of the Roman empire; so
that, next to the Jews, and the Bible which the Jews handed down to us,
we owe more to these old Greeks than to any people upon earth.

Now you must remember one thing—that ‘Greeks’ was not their real name.
They called themselves always ‘Hellens,’ but the Romans miscalled them
Greeks; and we have taken that wrong name from the Romans—it would take a
long time to tell you why.  They were made up of many tribes and many
small separate states; and when you hear in this book of Minuai, and
Athenians, and other such names, you must remember that they were all
different tribes and peoples of the one great Hellen race, who lived in
what we now call Greece, in the islands of the Archipelago, and along the
coast of Asia Minor (Ionia, as they call it), from the Hellespont to
Rhodes, and had afterwards colonies and cities in Sicily, and South Italy
(which was called Great Greece), and along the shores of the Black Sea at
Sinope, and Kertch, and at Sevastopol.  And after that, again, they
spread under Alexander the Great, and conquered Egypt, and Syria, and
Persia, and the whole East.  But that was many hundred years after my
stories; for then there were no Greeks on the Black Sea shores, nor in
Sicily, or Italy, or anywhere but in Greece and in Ionia.  And if you are
puzzled by the names of places in this book, you must take the maps and
find them out.  It will be a pleasanter way of learning geography than
out of a dull lesson-book.

Now, I love these old Hellens heartily; and I should be very ungrateful
to them if I did not, considering all that they have taught me; and they
seem to me like brothers, though they have all been dead and gone many
hundred years ago.  So as you must learn about them, whether you choose
or not, I wish to be the first to introduce you to them, and to say,
‘Come hither, children, at this blessed Christmas time, when all God’s
creatures should rejoice together, and bless Him who redeemed them all.
Come and see old friends of mine, whom I knew long ere you were born.
They are come to visit us at Christmas, out of the world where all live
to God; and to tell you some of their old fairy tales, which they loved
when they were young like you.’

For nations begin at first by being children like you, though they are
made up of grown men.  They are children at first like you—men and women
with children’s hearts; frank, and affectionate, and full of trust, and
teachable, and loving to see and learn all the wonders round them; and
greedy also, too often, and passionate and silly, as children are.

Thus these old Greeks were teachable, and learnt from all the nations
round.  From the Phoenicians they learnt shipbuilding, and some say
letters beside; and from the Assyrians they learnt painting, and carving,
and building in wood and stone; and from the Egyptians they learnt
astronomy, and many things which you would not understand.  In this they
were like our own forefathers the Northmen, of whom you love to hear,
who, though they were wild and rough themselves, were humble, and glad to
learn from every one.  Therefore God rewarded these Greeks, as He
rewarded our forefathers, and made them wiser than the people who taught
them in everything they learnt; for He loves to see men and children
open-hearted, and willing to be taught; and to him who uses what he has
got, He gives more and more day by day.  So these Greeks grew wise and
powerful, and wrote poems which will live till the world’s end, which you
must read for yourselves some day, in English at least, if not in Greek.
And they learnt to carve statues, and build temples, which are still
among the wonders of the world; and many another wondrous thing God
taught them, for which we are the wiser this day.

For you must not fancy, children, that because these old Greeks were
heathens, therefore God did not care for them, and taught them nothing.

The Bible tells us that it was not so, but that God’s mercy is over all
His works, and that He understands the hearts of all people, and fashions
all their works.  And St. Paul told these old Greeks in after times, when
they had grown wicked and fallen low, that they ought to have known
better, because they were God’s offspring, as their own poets had said;
and that the good God had put them where they were, to seek the Lord, and
feel after Him, and find Him, though He was not far from any one of them.
And Clement of Alexandria, a great Father of the Church, who was as wise
as he was good, said that God had sent down Philosophy to the Greeks from
heaven, as He sent down the Gospel to the Jews.

For Jesus Christ, remember, is the Light who lights every man who comes
into the world.  And no one can think a right thought, or feel a right
feeling, or understand the real truth of anything in earth and heaven,
unless the good Lord Jesus teaches him by His Spirit, which gives man
understanding.

But these Greeks, as St. Paul told them, forgot what God had taught them,
and, though they were God’s offspring, worshipped idols of wood and
stone, and fell at last into sin and shame, and then, of course, into
cowardice and slavery, till they perished out of that beautiful land
which God had given them for so many years.

For, like all nations who have left anything behind them, beside mere
mounds of earth, they believed at first in the One True God who made all
heaven and earth. But after a while, like all other nations, they began
to worship other gods, or rather angels and spirits, who (so they
fancied) lived about their land.  Zeus, the Father of gods and men (who
was some dim remembrance of the blessed true God), and Hera his wife, and
Phoebus Apollo the Sun-god, and Pallas Athené who taught men wisdom and
useful arts, and Aphrodite the Queen of Beauty, and Poseidon the Ruler of
the Sea, and Hephaistos the King of the Fire, who taught men to work in
metals.  And they honoured the Gods of the Rivers, and the Nymph-maids,
who they fancied lived in the caves, and the fountains, and the glens of
the forest, and all beautiful wild places.  And they honoured the
Erinnues, the dreadful sisters, who, they thought, haunted guilty men
until their sins were purged away.  And many other dreams they had, which
parted the One God into many; and they said, too, that these gods did
things which would be a shame and sin for any man to do.  And when their
philosophers arose, and told them that God was One, they would not
listen, but loved their idols, and their wicked idol feasts, till they
all came to ruin.  But we will talk of such sad things no more.

But, at the time of which this little book speaks, they had not fallen as
low as that.  They worshipped no idols, as far as I can find; and they
still believed in the last six of the ten commandments, and knew well
what was right and what was wrong.  And they believed (and that was what
gave them courage) that the gods loved men, and taught them, and that
without the gods men were sure to come to ruin.  And in that they were
right enough, as we know—more right even than they thought; for without
God we can do nothing, and all wisdom comes from Him.

Now, you must not think of them in this book as learned men, living in
great cities, such as they were afterwards, when they wrought all their
beautiful works, but as country people, living in farms and walled
villages, in a simple, hard-working way; so that the greatest kings and
heroes cooked their own meals, and thought it no shame, and made their
own ships and weapons, and fed and harnessed their own horses; and the
queens worked with their maid-servants, and did all the business of the
house, and spun, and wove, and embroidered, and made their husbands’
clothes and their own.  So that a man was honoured among them, not
because he happened to be rich, but according to his skill, and his
strength, and courage, and the number of things which he could do.  For
they were but grown-up children, though they were right noble children
too; and it was with them as it is now at school—the strongest and
cleverest boy, though he be poor, leads all the rest.

Now, while they were young and simple they loved fairy tales, as you do
now.  All nations do so when they are young: our old forefathers did, and
called their stories ‘Sagas.’  I will read you some of them some day—some
of the Eddas, and the Voluspà, and Beowulf, and the noble old Romances.
The old Arabs, again, had their tales, which we now call the ‘Arabian
Nights.’  The old Romans had theirs, and they called them ‘Fabulæ,’ from
which our word ‘fable’ comes; but the old Hellens called theirs ‘Muthoi,’
from which our new word ‘myth’ is taken.  But next to those old Romances,
which were written in the Christian middle age, there are no fairy tales
like these old Greek ones, for beauty, and wisdom, and truth, and for
making children love noble deeds, and trust in God to help them through.

Now, why have I called this book ‘The Heroes’?  Because that was the name
which the Hellens gave to men who were brave and skilful, and dare do
more than other men.  At first, I think, that was all it meant: but after
a time it came to mean something more; it came to mean men who helped
their country; men in those old times, when the country was half-wild,
who killed fierce beasts and evil men, and drained swamps, and founded
towns, and therefore after they were dead, were honoured, because they
had left their country better than they found it.  And we call such a man
a hero in English to this day, and call it a ‘heroic’ thing to suffer
pain and grief, that we may do good to our fellow-men.  We may all do
that, my children, boys and girls alike; and we ought to do it, for it is
easier now than ever, and safer, and the path more clear.  But you shall
hear how the Hellens said their heroes worked, three thousand years ago.
The stories are not all true, of course, nor half of them; you are not
simple enough to fancy that; but the meaning of them is true, and true
for ever, and that is—Do right, and God will help you.’

FARLEY COURT,
   _Advent_, 1855.




CONTENTS

                           STORY I.—PERSEUS
                                                                  PAGE
     PART I.  HOW PERSEUS AND HIS MOTHER CAME TO SERIPHOS            1
         II.  HOW PERSEUS VOWED A RASH VOW                           8
        III.  HOW PERSEUS SLEW THE GORGON                           23
         IV.  HOW PERSEUS CAME TO THE ÆTHIOPS                       36
          V.  HOW PERSEUS CAME HOME AGAIN                           53
                       STORY II.—THE ARGONAUTS
     PART I.  HOW THE CENTAUR TRAINED THE HEROES ON PELION          60
         II.  HOW JASON LOST HIS SANDAL IN ANAUROS                  73
        III.  HOW THEY BUILT THE SHIP ‘ARGO’ IN IOLCOS              87
        III.  HOW THE ARGONAUTS SAILED TO COLCHIS                   93
         IV.  HOW THE ARGONAUTS WERE DRIVEN INTO THE               127
              UNKNOWN SEA
          V.  WHAT WAS THE END OF THE HEROES                       161
                          STORY III.—THESEUS
     PART I.  HOW THESEUS LIFTED THE STONE                         165
         II.  HOW THESEUS SLEW THE DEVOURERS OF MEN                172
        III.  HOW THESEUS SLEW THE MINOTAUR                        206
         IV.  HOW THESEUS FELL BY HIS PRIDE                        214

                                * * * * *

[I owe an apology to the few scholars who may happen to read this hasty
_jeu d’esprit_, for the inconsistent method in which I have spelt Greek
names.  The rule which I have tried to follow has been this: when the
word has been hopelessly Latinised, as ‘Phœbus’ has been, I have left it
as it usually stands; but in other cases I have tried to keep the plain
Greek spelling, except when it would have seemed pedantic, or when, as in
the word ‘Tiphus,’ I should have given an altogether wrong notion of the
sound of the word.  It has been a choice of difficulties, which has been
forced on me by our strange habit of introducing boys to the Greek myths,
not in their original shape, but in a Roman disguise.]




STORY I.—PERSEUS


PART I
HOW PERSEUS AND HIS MOTHER CAME TO SERIPHOS


Once upon a time there were two princes who were twins.  Their names were
Acrisius and Prœtus, and they lived in the pleasant vale of Argos, far
away in Hellas.  They had fruitful meadows and vineyards, sheep and oxen,
great herds of horses feeding down in Lerna Fen, and all that men could
need to make them blest: and yet they were wretched, because they were
jealous of each other.  From the moment they were born they began to
quarrel; and when they grew up each tried to take away the other’s share
of the kingdom, and keep all for himself.  So first Acrisius drove out
Prœtus; and he went across the seas, and brought home a foreign princess
for his wife, and foreign warriors to help him, who were called Cyclopes;
and drove out Acrisius in his turn; and then they fought a long while up
and down the land, till the quarrel was settled, and Acrisius took Argos
and one half the land, and Prœtus took Tiryns and the other half.  And
Prœtus and his Cyclopes built around Tiryns great walls of unhewn stone,
which are standing to this day.

But there came a prophet to that hard-hearted Acrisius and prophesied
against him, and said, ‘Because you have risen up against your own blood,
your own blood shall rise up against you; because you have sinned against
your kindred, by your kindred you shall be punished.  Your daughter Danae
shall bear a son, and by that son’s hands you shall die.  So the Gods
have ordained, and it will surely come to pass.’

And at that Acrisius was very much afraid; but he did not mend his ways.
He had been cruel to his own family, and, instead of repenting and being
kind to them, he went on to be more cruel than ever: for he shut up his
fair daughter Danae in a cavern underground, lined with brass, that no
one might come near her.  So he fancied himself more cunning than the
Gods: but you will see presently whether he was able to escape them.

Now it came to pass that in time Danae bore a son; so beautiful a babe
that any but King Acrisius would have had pity on it.  But he had no
pity; for he took Danae and her babe down to the seashore, and put them
into a great chest and thrust them out to sea, for the winds and the
waves to carry them whithersoever they would.

The north-west wind blew freshly out of the blue mountains, and down the
pleasant vale of Argos, and away and out to sea.  And away and out to sea
before it floated the mother and her babe, while all who watched them
wept, save that cruel father, King Acrisius.

So they floated on and on, and the chest danced up and down upon the
billows, and the baby slept upon its mother’s breast: but the poor mother
could not sleep, but watched and wept, and she sang to her baby as they
floated; and the song which she sang you shall learn yourselves some day.

And now they are past the last blue headland, and in the open sea; and
there is nothing round them but the waves, and the sky, and the wind.
But the waves are gentle, and the sky is clear, and the breeze is tender
and low; for these are the days when Halcyone and Ceyx build their nests,
and no storms ever ruffle the pleasant summer sea.

                      [Picture: Danae and her babe]

And who were Halcyone and Ceyx?  You shall hear while the chest floats
on.  Halcyone was a fairy maiden, the daughter of the beach and of the
wind.  And she loved a sailor-boy, and married him; and none on earth
were so happy as they.  But at last Ceyx was wrecked; and before he could
swim to the shore the billows swallowed him up.  And Halcyone saw him
drowning, and leapt into the sea to him; but in vain.  Then the Immortals
took pity on them both, and changed them into two fair sea-birds; and now
they build a floating nest every year, and sail up and down happily for
ever upon the pleasant seas of Greece.

So a night passed, and a day, and a long day it was for Danae; and
another night and day beside, till Danae was faint with hunger and
weeping, and yet no land appeared.  And all the while the babe slept
quietly; and at last poor Danae drooped her head and fell asleep likewise
with her cheek against the babe’s.

After a while she was awakened suddenly; for the chest was jarring and
grinding, and the air was full of sound.  She looked up, and over her
head were mighty cliffs, all red in the setting sun, and around her rocks
and breakers, and flying flakes of foam.  She clasped her hands together,
and shrieked aloud for help.  And when she cried, help met her: for now
there came over the rocks a tall and stately man, and looked down
wondering upon poor Danae tossing about in the chest among the waves.

He wore a rough cloak of frieze, and on his head a broad hat to shade his
face; in his hand he carried a trident for spearing fish, and over his
shoulder was a casting-net; but Danae could see that he was no common man
by his stature, and his walk, and his flowing golden hair and beard; and
by the two servants who came behind him, carrying baskets for his fish.
But she had hardly time to look at him, before he had laid aside his
trident and leapt down the rocks, and thrown his casting-net so surely
over Danae and the chest, that he drew it, and her, and the baby, safe
upon a ledge of rock.

Then the fisherman took Danae by the hand, and lifted her out of the
chest, and said—

‘O beautiful damsel, what strange chance has brought you to this island
in so flail a ship?  Who are you, and whence?  Surely you are some king’s
daughter; and this boy has somewhat more than mortal.’

And as he spoke he pointed to the babe; for its face shone like the
morning star.

But Danae only held down her head, and sobbed out—

‘Tell me to what land I have come, unhappy that I am; and among what men
I have fallen!’

And he said, ‘This isle is called Seriphos, and I am a Hellen, and dwell
in it.  I am the brother of Polydectes the king; and men call me Dictys
the netter, because I catch the fish of the shore.’

Then Danae fell down at his feet, and embraced his knees, and cried—

‘Oh, sir, have pity upon a stranger, whom a cruel doom has driven to your
land; and let me live in your house as a servant; but treat me
honourably, for I was once a king’s daughter, and this my boy (as you
have truly said) is of no common race.  I will not be a charge to you, or
eat the bread of idleness; for I am more skilful in weaving and
embroidery than all the maidens of my land.’

And she was going on; but Dictys stopped her, and raised her up, and
said—

‘My daughter, I am old, and my hairs are growing gray; while I have no
children to make my home cheerful.  Come with me then, and you shall be a
daughter to me and to my wife, and this babe shall be our grandchild.
For I fear the Gods, and show hospitality to all strangers; knowing that
good deeds, like evil ones, always return to those who do them.’

So Danae was comforted, and went home with Dictys the good fisherman, and
was a daughter to him and to his wife, till fifteen years were past.



PART II
HOW PERSEUS VOWED A RASH VOW


Fifteen years were past and gone, and the babe was now grown to be a tall
lad and a sailor, and went many voyages after merchandise to the islands
round.  His mother called him Perseus; but all the people in Seriphos
said that he was not the son of mortal man, and called him the son of
Zeus, the king of the Immortals.  For though he was but fifteen, he was
taller by a head than any man in the island; and he was the most skilful
of all in running and wrestling and boxing, and in throwing the quoit and
the javelin, and in rowing with the oar, and in playing on the harp, and
in all which befits a man.  And he was brave and truthful, gentle and
courteous, for good old Dictys had trained him well; and well it was for
Perseus that he had done so.  For now Danae and her son fell into great
danger, and Perseus had need of all his wit to defend his mother and
himself.

I said that Dictys’ brother was Polydectes, king of the island.  He was
not a righteous man, like Dictys; but greedy, and cunning, and cruel.
And when he saw fair Danae, he wanted to marry her.  But she would not;
for she did not love him, and cared for no one but her boy, and her boy’s
father, whom she never hoped to see again.  At last Polydectes became
furious; and while Perseus was away at sea he took poor Danae away from
Dictys, saying, ‘If you will not be my wife, you shall be my slave.’  So
Danae was made a slave, and had to fetch water from the well, and grind
in the mill, and perhaps was beaten, and wore a heavy chain, because she
would not marry that cruel king.  But Perseus was far away over the seas
in the isle of Samos, little thinking how his mother was languishing in
grief.

Now one day at Samos, while the ship was lading, Perseus wandered into a
pleasant wood to get out of the sun, and sat down on the turf and fell
asleep.  And as he slept a strange dream came to him—the strangest dream
which he had ever had in his life.

There came a lady to him through the wood, taller than he, or any mortal
man; but beautiful exceedingly, with great gray eyes, clear and piercing,
but strangely soft and mild.  On her head was a helmet, and in her hand a
spear.  And over her shoulder, above her long blue robes, hung a
goat-skin, which bore up a mighty shield of brass, polished like a
mirror.  She stood and looked at him with her clear gray eyes; and
Perseus saw that her eye-lids never moved, nor her eyeballs, but looked
straight through and through him, and into his very heart, as if she
could see all the secrets of his soul, and knew all that he had ever
thought or longed for since the day that he was born.  And Perseus
dropped his eyes, trembling and blushing, as the wonderful lady spoke.

‘Perseus, you must do an errand for me.’

‘Who are you, lady?  And how do you know my name?’

‘I am Pallas Athené; and I know the thoughts of all men’s hearts, and
discern their manhood or their baseness.  And from the souls of clay I
turn away, and they are blest, but not by me.  They fatten at ease, like
sheep in the pasture, and eat what they did not sow, like oxen in the
stall.  They grow and spread, like the gourd along the ground; but, like
the gourd, they give no shade to the traveller, and when they are ripe
death gathers them, and they go down unloved into hell, and their name
vanishes out of the land.

‘But to the souls of fire I give more fire, and to those who are manful I
give a might more than man’s.  These are the heroes, the sons of the
Immortals, who are blest, but not like the souls of clay.  For I drive
them forth by strange paths, Perseus, that they may fight the Titans and
the monsters, the enemies of Gods and men.  Through doubt and need,
danger and battle, I drive them; and some of them are slain in the flower
of youth, no man knows when or where; and some of them win noble names,
and a fair and green old age; but what will be their latter end I know
not, and none, save Zeus, the father of Gods and men.  Tell me now,
Perseus, which of these two sorts of men seem to you more blest?’

Then Perseus answered boldly: ‘Better to die in the flower of youth, on
the chance of winning a noble name, than to live at ease like the sheep,
and die unloved and unrenowned.’

Then that strange lady laughed, and held up her brazen shield, and cried:
‘See here, Perseus; dare you face such a monster as this, and slay it,
that I may place its head upon this shield?’

And in the mirror of the shield there appeared a face, and as Perseus
looked on it his blood ran cold.  It was the face of a beautiful woman;
but her cheeks were pale as death, and her brows were knit with
everlasting pain, and her lips were thin and bitter like a snake’s; and
instead of hair, vipers wreathed about her temples, and shot out their
forked tongues; while round her head were folded wings like an eagle’s,
and upon her bosom claws of brass.

And Perseus looked awhile, and then said: ‘If there is anything so fierce
and foul on earth, it were a noble deed to kill it.  Where can I find the
monster?’

Then the strange lady smiled again, and said: ‘Not yet; you are too
young, and too unskilled; for this is Medusa the Gorgon, the mother of a
monstrous brood.  Return to your home, and do the work which waits there
for you.  You must play the man in that before I can think you worthy to
go in search of the Gorgon.’

Then Perseus would have spoken, but the strange lady vanished, and he
awoke; and behold, it was a dream.  But day and night Perseus saw before
him the face of that dreadful woman, with the vipers writhing round her
head.

So he returned home; and when he came to Seriphos, the first thing which
he heard was that his mother was a slave in the house of Polydectes.

Grinding his teeth with rage, he went out, and away to the king’s palace,
and through the men’s rooms, and the women’s rooms, and so through all
the house (for no one dared stop him, so terrible and fair was he), till
he found his mother sitting on the floor, turning the stone hand-mill,
and weeping as she turned it.  And he lifted her up, and kissed her, and
bade her follow him forth.  But before they could pass out of the room
Polydectes came in, raging.  And when Perseus saw him, he flew upon him
as the mastiff flies on the boar.  ‘Villain and tyrant!’ he cried; ‘is
this your respect for the Gods, and thy mercy to strangers and widows?
You shall die!’  And because he had no sword he caught up the stone
hand-mill, and lifted it to dash out Polydectes’ brains.

But his mother clung to him, shrieking, ‘Oh, my son, we are strangers and
helpless in the land; and if you kill the king, all the people will fall
on us, and we shall both die.’

Good Dictys, too, who had come in, entreated him.  ‘Remember that he is
my brother.  Remember how I have brought you up, and trained you as my
own son, and spare him for my sake.’

Then Perseus lowered his hand; and Polydectes, who had been trembling all
this while like a coward, because he knew that he was in the wrong, let
Perseus and his mother pass.

Perseus took his mother to the temple of Athené, and there the priestess
made her one of the temple-sweepers; for there they knew she would be
safe, and not even Polydectes would dare to drag her away from the altar.
And there Perseus, and the good Dictys, and his wife, came to visit her
every day; while Polydectes, not being able to get what he wanted by
force, cast about in his wicked heart how he might get it by cunning.

Now he was sure that he could never get back Danae as long as Perseus was
in the island; so he made a plot to rid himself of him.  And first he
pretended to have forgiven Perseus, and to have forgotten Danae; so that,
for a while, all went as smoothly as ever.

Next he proclaimed a great feast, and invited to it all the chiefs, and
landowners, and the young men of the island, and among them Perseus, that
they might all do him homage as their king, and eat of his banquet in his
hall.

On the appointed day they all came; and as the custom was then, each
guest brought his present with him to the king: one a horse, another a
shawl, or a ring, or a sword; and those who had nothing better brought a
basket of grapes, or of game; but Perseus brought nothing, for he had
nothing to bring, being but a poor sailor-lad.

He was ashamed, however, to go into the king’s presence without his gift;
and he was too proud to ask Dictys to lend him one.  So he stood at the
door sorrowfully, watching the rich men go in; and his face grew very red
as they pointed at him, and smiled, and whispered, ‘What has that
foundling to give?’

Now this was what Polydectes wanted; and as soon as he heard that Perseus
stood without, he bade them bring him in, and asked him scornfully before
them all, ‘Am I not your king, Perseus, and have I not invited you to my
feast?  Where is your present, then?’

Perseus blushed and stammered, while all the proud men round laughed, and
some of them began jeering him openly.  ‘This fellow was thrown ashore
here like a piece of weed or drift-wood, and yet he is too proud to bring
a gift to the king.’

‘And though he does not know who his father is, he is vain enough to let
the old women call him the son of Zeus.’

And so forth, till poor Perseus grew mad with shame, and hardly knowing
what he said, cried out,—‘A present! who are you who talk of presents?
See if I do not bring a nobler one than all of yours together!’

So he said boasting; and yet he felt in his heart that he was braver than
all those scoffers, and more able to do some glorious deed.

‘Hear him!  Hear the boaster!  What is it to be?’ cried they all,
laughing louder than ever.

Then his dream at Samos came into his mind, and he cried aloud, ‘The head
of the Gorgon.’

He was half afraid after he had said the words for all laughed louder
than ever, and Polydectes loudest of all.

‘You have promised to bring me the Gorgon’s head?  Then never appear
again in this island without it.  Go!’

Perseus ground his teeth with rage, for he saw that he had fallen into a
trap; but his promise lay upon him, and he went out without a word.

Down to the cliffs he went, and looked across the broad blue sea; and he
wondered if his dream were true, and prayed in the bitterness of his
soul.

‘Pallas Athené, was my dream true? and shall I slay the Gorgon?  If thou
didst really show me her face, let me not come to shame as a liar and
boastful.  Rashly and angrily I promised; but cunningly and patiently
will I perform.’

But there was no answer, nor sign; neither thunder nor any appearance;
not even a cloud in the sky.

And three times Perseus called weeping, ‘Rashly and angrily I promised;
but cunningly and patiently will I perform.’

Then he saw afar off above the sea a small white cloud, as bright as
silver.  And it came on, nearer and nearer, till its brightness dazzled
his eyes.

Perseus wondered at that strange cloud, for there was no other cloud all
round the sky; and he trembled as it touched the cliff below.  And as it
touched, it broke, and parted, and within it appeared Pallas Athené, as
he had seen her at Samos in his dream, and beside her a young man more
light-limbed than the stag, whose eyes were like sparks of fire.  By his
side was a scimitar of diamond, all of one clear precious stone, and on
his feet were golden sandals, from the heels of which grew living wings.

They looked upon Perseus keenly, and yet they never moved their eyes; and
they came up the cliffs towards him more swiftly than the sea-gull, and
yet they never moved their feet, nor did the breeze stir the robes about
their limbs; only the wings of the youth’s sandals quivered, like a
hawk’s when he hangs above the cliff.  And Perseus fell down and
worshipped, for he knew that they were more than man.

But Athené stood before him and spoke gently, and bid him have no fear.
Then—

‘Perseus,’ she said, ‘he who overcomes in one trial merits thereby a
sharper trial still.  You have braved Polydectes, and done manfully.
Dare you brave Medusa the Gorgon?’

And Perseus said, ‘Try me; for since you spoke to me in Samos a new soul
has come into my breast, and I should be ashamed not to dare anything
which I can do.  Show me, then, how I can do this!’

‘Perseus,’ said Athené, ‘think well before you attempt; for this deed
requires a seven years’ journey, in which you cannot repent or turn back
nor escape; but if your heart fails you, you must die in the Unshapen
Land, where no man will ever find your bones.’

‘Better so than live here, useless and despised,’ said Perseus.  ‘Tell
me, then, oh tell me, fair and wise Goddess, of your great kindness and
condescension, how I can do but this one thing, and then, if need be,
die!’

Then Athené smiled and said—

‘Be patient, and listen; for if you forget my words, you will indeed die.
You must go northward to the country of the Hyperboreans, who live beyond
the pole, at the sources of the cold north wind, till you find the three
Gray Sisters, who have but one eye and one tooth between them.  You must
ask them the way to the Nymphs, the daughters of the Evening Star, who
dance about the golden tree, in the Atlantic island of the west.  They
will tell you the way to the Gorgon, that you may slay her, my enemy, the
mother of monstrous beasts.  Once she was a maiden as beautiful as morn,
till in her pride she sinned a sin at which the sun hid his face; and
from that day her hair was turned to vipers, and her hands to eagle’s
claws; and her heart was filled with shame and rage, and her lips with
bitter venom; and her eyes became so terrible that whosoever looks on
them is turned to stone; and her children are the winged horse and the
giant of the golden sword; and her grandchildren are Echidna the
witch-adder, and Geryon the three-headed tyrant, who feeds his herds
beside the herds of hell.  So she became the sister of the Gorgons,
Stheino and Euryte the abhorred, the daughters of the Queen of the Sea.
Touch them not, for they are immortal; but bring me only Medusa’s head.’

‘And I will bring it!’ said Perseus; ‘but how am I to escape her eyes?
Will she not freeze me too into stone?’

‘You shall take this polished shield,’ said Athené, ‘and when you come
near her look not at her herself, but at her image in the brass; so you
may strike her safely.  And when you have struck off her head, wrap it,
with your face turned away, in the folds of the goat-skin on which the
shield hangs, the hide of Amaltheié, the nurse of the Ægis-holder.  So
you will bring it safely back to me, and win to yourself renown, and a
place among the heroes who feast with the Immortals upon the peak where
no winds blow.’

Then Perseus said, ‘I will go, though I die in going.  But how shall I
cross the seas without a ship?  And who will show me my way?  And when I
find her, how shall I slay her, if her scales be iron and brass?’

Then the young man spoke: ‘These sandals of mine will bear you across the
seas, and over hill and dale like a bird, as they bear me all day long;
for I am Hermes, the far-famed Argus-slayer, the messenger of the
Immortals who dwell on Olympus.’

Then Perseus fell down and worshipped, while the young man spoke again:

‘The sandals themselves will guide you on the road, for they are divine
and cannot stray; and this sword itself, the Argus-slayer, will kill her,
for it is divine, and needs no second stroke.  Arise, and gird them on,
and go forth.’

So Perseus arose, and girded on the sandals and the sword.

And Athené cried, ‘Now leap from the cliff and be gone.’

But Perseus lingered.

‘May I not bid farewell to my mother and to Dictys?  And may I not offer
burnt-offerings to you, and to Hermes the far-famed Argus-slayer, and to
Father Zeus above?’

‘You shall not bid farewell to your mother, lest your heart relent at her
weeping.  I will comfort her and Dictys until you return in peace.  Nor
shall you offer burnt-offerings to the Olympians; for your offering shall
be Medusa’s head.  Leap, and trust in the armour of the Immortals.’

Then Perseus looked down the cliff and shuddered; but he was ashamed to
show his dread.  Then he thought of Medusa and the renown before him, and
he leaped into the empty air.

And behold, instead of falling he floated, and stood, and ran along the
sky.  He looked back, but Athené had vanished, and Hermes; and the
sandals led him on northward ever, like a crane who follows the spring
toward the Ister fens.



PART III
HOW PERSEUS SLEW THE GORGON


So Perseus started on his journey, going dry-shod over land and sea; and
his heart was high and joyful, for the winged sandals bore him each day a
seven days’ journey.

And he went by Cythnus, and by Ceos, and the pleasant Cyclades to Attica;
and past Athens and Thebes, and the Copaic lake, and up the vale of
Cephissus, and past the peaks of Œta and Pindus, and over the rich
Thessalian plains, till the sunny hills of Greece were behind him, and
before him were the wilds of the north.  Then he passed the Thracian
mountains, and many a barbarous tribe, Pæons and Dardans and Triballi,
till he came to the Ister stream, and the dreary Scythian plains.  And he
walked across the Ister dry-shod, and away through the moors and fens,
day and night toward the bleak north-west, turning neither to the right
hand nor the left, till he came to the Unshapen Land, and the place which
has no name.

And seven days he walked through it, on a path which few can tell; for
those who have trodden it like least to speak of it, and those who go
there again in dreams are glad enough when they awake; till he came to
the edge of the everlasting night, where the air was full of feathers,
and the soil was hard with ice; and there at last he found the three Gray
Sisters, by the shore of the freezing sea, nodding upon a white log of
drift-wood, beneath the cold white winter moon; and they chaunted a low
song together, ‘Why the old times were better than the new.’

There was no living thing around them, not a fly, not a moss upon the
rocks.  Neither seal nor sea-gull dare come near, lest the ice should
clutch them in its claws.  The surge broke up in foam, but it fell again
in flakes of snow; and it frosted the hair of the three Gray Sisters, and
the bones in the ice-cliff above their heads.  They passed the eye from
one to the other, but for all that they could not see; and they passed
the tooth from one to the other, but for all that they could not eat; and
they sat in the full glare of the moon, but they were none the warmer for
her beams.  And Perseus pitied the three Gray Sisters; but they did not
pity themselves.

So he said, ‘Oh, venerable mothers, wisdom is the daughter of old age.
You therefore should know many things.  Tell me, if you can, the path to
the Gorgon.’

Then one cried, ‘Who is this who reproaches us with old age?’  And
another, ‘This is the voice of one of the children of men.’

And he, ‘I do not reproach, but honour your old age, and I am one of the
sons of men and of the heroes.  The rulers of Olympus have sent me to you
to ask the way to the Gorgon.’

Then one, ‘There are new rulers in Olympus, and all new things are bad.’
And another, ‘We hate your rulers, and the heroes, and all the children
of men.  We are the kindred of the Titans, and the Giants, and the
Gorgons, and the ancient monsters of the deep.’  And another, ‘Who is
this rash and insolent man who pushes unbidden into our world?’  And the
first, ‘There never was such a world as ours, nor will be; if we let him
see it, he will spoil it all.’

Then one cried, ‘Give me the eye, that I may see him;’ and another, ‘Give
me the tooth, that I may bite him.’  But Perseus, when he saw that they
were foolish and proud, and did not love the children of men, left off
pitying them, and said to himself, ‘Hungry men must needs be hasty; if I
stay making many words here, I shall be starved.’  Then he stepped close
to them, and watched till they passed the eye from hand to hand.  And as
they groped about between themselves, he held out his own hand gently,
till one of them put the eye into it, fancying that it was the hand of
her sister.  Then he sprang back, and laughed, and cried—

‘Cruel and proud old women, I have your eye; and I will throw it into the
sea, unless you tell me the path to the Gorgon, and swear to me that you
tell me right.’

Then they wept, and chattered, and scolded; but in vain.  They were
forced to tell the truth, though, when they told it, Perseus could hardly
make out the road.

‘You must go,’ they said, ‘foolish boy, to the southward, into the ugly
glare of the sun, till you come to Atlas the Giant, who holds the heaven
and the earth apart.  And you must ask his daughters, the Hesperides, who
are young and foolish like yourself.  And now give us back our eye, for
we have forgotten all the rest.’

So Perseus gave them back their eye; but instead of using it, they nodded
and fell fast asleep, and were turned into blocks of ice, till the tide
came up and washed them all away.  And now they float up and down like
icebergs for ever, weeping whenever they meet the sunshine, and the
fruitful summer and the warm south wind, which fill young hearts with
joy.

But Perseus leaped away to the southward, leaving the snow and the ice
behind: past the isle of the Hyperboreans, and the tin isles, and the
long Iberian shore, while the sun rose higher day by day upon a bright
blue summer sea.  And the terns and the sea-gulls swept laughing round
his head, and called to him to stop and play, and the dolphins gambolled
up as he passed, and offered to carry him on their backs.  And all night
long the sea-nymphs sang sweetly, and the Tritons blew upon their conchs,
as they played round Galatæa their queen, in her car of pearled shells.
Day by day the sun rose higher, and leaped more swiftly into the sea at
night, and more swiftly out of the sea at dawn; while Perseus skimmed
over the billows like a sea-gull, and his feet were never wetted; and
leapt on from wave to wave, and his limbs were never weary, till he saw
far away a mighty mountain, all rose-red in the setting sun.  Its feet
were wrapped in forests, and its head in wreaths of cloud; and Perseus
knew that it was Atlas, who holds the heavens and the earth apart.

He came to the mountain, and leapt on shore, and wandered upward, among
pleasant valleys and waterfalls, and tall trees and strange ferns and
flowers; but there was no smoke rising from any glen, nor house, nor sign
of man.

At last he heard sweet voices singing; and he guessed that he was come to
the garden of the Nymphs, the daughters of the Evening Star.

They sang like nightingales among the thickets, and Perseus stopped to
hear their song; but the words which they spoke he could not understand;
no, nor no man after him for many a hundred years.  So he stepped forward
and saw them dancing, hand in hand around the charmed tree, which bent
under its golden fruit; and round the tree-foot was coiled the dragon,
old Ladon the sleepless snake, who lies there for ever, listening to the
song of the maidens, blinking and watching with dry bright eyes.

Then Perseus stopped, not because he feared the dragon, but because he
was bashful before those fair maids; but when they saw him, they too
stopped, and called to him with trembling voices—

‘Who are you?  Are you Heracles the mighty, who will come to rob our
garden, and carry off our golden fruit?’  And he answered—

‘I am not Heracles the mighty, and I want none of your golden fruit.
Tell me, fair Nymphs, the way which leads to the Gorgon, that I may go on
my way and slay her.’

‘Not yet, not yet, fair boy; come dance with us around the tree in the
garden which knows no winter, the home of the south wind and the sun.
Come hither and play with us awhile; we have danced alone here for a
thousand years, and our hearts are weary with longing for a playfellow.
So come, come, come!’

‘I cannot dance with you, fair maidens; for I must do the errand of the
Immortals.  So tell me the way to the Gorgon, lest I wander and perish in
the waves.’

Then they sighed and wept; and answered—‘The Gorgon! she will freeze you
into stone.’

‘It is better to die like a hero than to live like an ox in a stall.  The
Immortals have lent me weapons, and they will give me wit to use them.’

Then they sighed again and answered, ‘Fair boy, if you are bent on your
own ruin, be it so.  We know not the way to the Gorgon; but we will ask
the giant Atlas, above upon the mountain peak, the brother of our father,
the silver Evening Star.  He sits aloft and sees across the ocean, and
far away into the Unshapen Land.’

So they went up the mountain to Atlas their uncle, and Perseus went up
with them.  And they found the giant kneeling, as he held the heavens and
the earth apart.

They asked him, and he answered mildly, pointing to the sea-board with
his mighty hand, ‘I can see the Gorgons lying on an island far away, but
this youth can never come near them, unless he has the hat of darkness,
which whosoever wears cannot be seen.’

Then cried Perseus, ‘Where is that hat, that I may find it?’

But the giant smiled.  ‘No living mortal can find that hat, for it lies
in the depths of Hades, in the regions of the dead.  But my nieces are
immortal, and they shall fetch it for you, if you will promise me one
thing and keep your faith.’

Then Perseus promised; and the giant said, ‘When you come back with the
head of Medusa, you shall show me the beautiful horror, that I may lose
my feeling and my breathing, and become a stone for ever; for it is weary
labour for me to hold the heavens and the earth apart.’

Then Perseus promised, and the eldest of the Nymphs went down, and into a
dark cavern among the cliffs, out of which came smoke and thunder, for it
was one of the mouths of Hell.

And Perseus and the Nymphs sat down seven days, and waited trembling,
till the Nymph came up again; and her face was pale, and her eyes dazzled
with the light, for she had been long in the dreary darkness; but in her
hand was the magic hat.

Then all the Nymphs kissed Perseus, and wept over him a long while; but
he was only impatient to be gone.  And at last they put the hat upon his
head, and he vanished out of their sight.

But Perseus went on boldly, past many an ugly sight, far away into the
heart of the Unshapen Land, beyond the streams of Ocean, to the isles
where no ship cruises, where is neither night nor day, where nothing is
in its right place, and nothing has a name; till he heard the rustle of
the Gorgons’ wings and saw the glitter of their brazen talons; and then
he knew that it was time to halt, lest Medusa should freeze him into
stone.

He thought awhile with himself, and remembered Athené’s words.  He rose
aloft into the air, and held the mirror of the shield above his head, and
looked up into it that he might see all that was below him.

And he saw the three Gorgons sleeping as huge as elephants.  He knew that
they could not see him, because the hat of darkness hid him; and yet he
trembled as he sank down near them, so terrible were those brazen claws.

Two of the Gorgons were foul as swine, and lay sleeping heavily, as swine
sleep, with their mighty wings outspread; but Medusa tossed to and fro
restlessly, and as she tossed Perseus pitied her, she looked so fair and
sad.  Her plumage was like the rainbow, and her face was like the face of
a nymph, only her eyebrows were knit, and her lips clenched, with
everlasting care and pain; and her long neck gleamed so white in the
mirror that Perseus had not the heart to strike, and said, ‘Ah, that it
had been either of her sisters!’

But as he looked, from among her tresses the vipers’ heads awoke, and
peeped up with their bright dry eyes, and showed their fangs, and hissed;
and Medusa, as she tossed, threw back her wings and showed her brazen
claws; and Perseus saw that, for all her beauty, she was as foul and
venomous as the rest.

Then he came down and stepped to her boldly, and looked steadfastly on
his mirror, and struck with Herpé stoutly once; and he did not need to
strike again.

Then he wrapped the head in the goat-skin, turning away his eyes, and
sprang into the air aloft, faster than he ever sprang before.

For Medusa’s wings and talons rattled as she sank dead upon the rocks;
and her two foul sisters woke, and saw her lying dead.

Into the air they sprang yelling and looked for him who had done the
deed.  Thrice they swung round and round, like hawks who beat for a
partridge; and thrice they snuffed round and round, like hounds who draw
upon a deer.  At last they struck upon the scent of the blood, and they
checked for a moment to make sure; and then on they rushed with a fearful
howl, while the wind rattled hoarse in their wings.

On they rushed, sweeping and flapping, like eagles after a hare; and
Perseus’ blood ran cold, for all his courage, as he saw them come howling
on his track; and he cried, ‘Bear me well now, brave sandals, for the
hounds of Death are at my heels!’

And well the brave sandals bore him, aloft through cloud and sunshine,
across the shoreless sea; and fast followed the hounds of Death, as the
roar of their wings came down the wind.  But the roar came down fainter
and fainter, and the howl of their voices died away; for the sandals were
too swift, even for Gorgons, and by nightfall they were far behind, two
black specks in the southern sky, till the sun sank and he saw them no
more.

Then he came again to Atlas, and the garden of the Nymphs; and when the
giant heard him coming he groaned, and said, ‘Fulfil thy promise to me.’
Then Perseus held up to him the Gorgon’s head, and he had rest from all
his toil; for he became a crag of stone, which sleeps for ever far above
the clouds.

Then he thanked the Nymphs, and asked them, ‘By what road shall I go
homeward again, for I wandered far round in coming hither?’

And they wept and cried, ‘Go home no more, but stay and play with us, the
lonely maidens, who dwell for ever far away from Gods and men.’

But he refused, and they told him his road, and said, ‘Take with you this
magic fruit, which, if you eat once, you will not hunger for seven days.
For you must go eastward and eastward ever, over the doleful Lybian
shore, which Poseidon gave to Father Zeus, when he burst open the
Bosphorus and the Hellespont, and drowned the fair Lectonian land.  And
Zeus took that land in exchange, a fair bargain, much bad ground for a
little good, and to this day it lies waste and desert with shingle, and
rock, and sand.’

Then they kissed Perseus, and wept over him, and he leapt down the
mountain, and went on, lessening and lessening like a sea-gull, away and
out to sea.



PART IV
HOW PERSEUS CAME TO THE ÆTHIOPS


So Perseus flitted onward to the north-east, over many a league of sea,
till he came to the rolling sand-hills and the dreary Lybian shore.

And he flitted on across the desert: over rock-ledges, and banks of
shingle, and level wastes of sand, and shell-drifts bleaching in the
sunshine, and the skeletons of great sea-monsters, and dead bones of
ancient giants, strewn up and down upon the old sea-floor.  And as he
went the blood-drops fell to the earth from the Gorgon’s head, and became
poisonous asps and adders, which breed in the desert to this day.

Over the sands he went,—he never knew how far or how long, feeding on the
fruit which the Nymphs had given him, till he saw the hills of the
Psylli, and the Dwarfs who fought with cranes.  Their spears were of
reeds and rushes, and their houses of the egg-shells of the cranes; and
Perseus laughed, and went his way to the north-east, hoping all day long
to see the blue Mediterranean sparkling, that he might fly across it to
his home.

But now came down a mighty wind, and swept him back southward toward the
desert.  All day long he strove against it; but even the winged sandals
could not prevail.  So he was forced to float down the wind all night;
and when the morning dawned there was nothing to be seen, save the same
old hateful waste of sand.

And out of the north the sandstorms rushed upon him, blood-red pillars
and wreaths, blotting out the noonday sun; and Perseus fled before them,
lest he should be choked by the burning dust.  At last the gale fell
calm, and he tried to go northward again; but again came down the
sandstorms, and swept him back into the waste, and then all was calm and
cloudless as before.  Seven days he strove against the storms, and seven
days he was driven back, till he was spent with thirst and hunger, and
his tongue clove to the roof of his mouth.  Here and there he fancied
that he saw a fair lake, and the sunbeams shining on the water; but when
he came to it it vanished at his feet, and there was nought but burning
sand.  And if he had not been of the race of the Immortals, he would have
perished in the waste; but his life was strong within him, because it was
more than man’s.

Then he cried to Athené, and said—

‘Oh, fair and pure, if thou hearest me, wilt thou leave me here to die of
drought?  I have brought thee the Gorgon’s head at thy bidding, and
hitherto thou hast prospered my journey; dost thou desert me at the last?
Else why will not these immortal sandals prevail, even against the desert
storms?  Shall I never see my mother more, and the blue ripple round
Seriphos, and the sunny hills of Hellas?’

So he prayed; and after he had prayed there was a great silence.

The heaven was still above his head, and the sand was still beneath his
feet; and Perseus looked up, but there was nothing but the blinding sun
in the blinding blue; and round him, but there was nothing but the
blinding sand.

And Perseus stood still a while, and waited, and said, ‘Surely I am not
here without the will of the Immortals, for Athené will not lie.  Were
not these sandals to lead me in the right road?  Then the road in which I
have tried to go must be a wrong road.’

Then suddenly his ears were opened, and he heard the sound of running
water.

And at that his heart was lifted up, though he scarcely dare believe his
ears; and weary as he was, he hurried forward, though he could scarcely
stand upright; and within a bowshot of him was a glen in the sand, and
marble rocks, and date-trees, and a lawn of gay green grass.  And through
the lawn a streamlet sparkled and wandered out beyond the trees, and
vanished in the sand.

The water trickled among the rocks, and a pleasant breeze rustled in the
dry date-branches and Perseus laughed for joy, and leapt down the cliff,
and drank of the cool water, and ate of the dates, and slept upon the
turf, and leapt up and went forward again: but not toward the north this
time; for he said, ‘Surely Athené hath sent me hither, and will not have
me go homeward yet.  What if there be another noble deed to be done,
before I see the sunny hills of Hellas?’

So he went east, and east for ever, by fresh oases and fountains,
date-palms, and lawns of grass, till he saw before him a mighty
mountain-wall, all rose-red in the setting sun.

Then he towered in the air like an eagle, for his limbs were strong
again; and he flew all night across the mountain till the day began to
dawn, and rosy-fingered Eos came blushing up the sky.  And then, behold,
beneath him was the long green garden of Egypt and the shining stream of
Nile.

And he saw cities walled up to heaven, and temples, and obelisks, and
pyramids, and giant Gods of stone.  And he came down amid fields of
barley, and flax, and millet, and clambering gourds; and saw the people
coming out of the gates of a great city, and setting to work, each in his
place, among the water-courses, parting the streams among the plants
cunningly with their feet, according to the wisdom of the Egyptians.  But
when they saw him they all stopped their work, and gathered round him,
and cried—

‘Who art thou, fair youth? and what bearest thou beneath thy goat-skin
there?  Surely thou art one of the Immortals; for thy skin is white like
ivory, and ours is red like clay.  Thy hair is like threads of gold, and
ours is black and curled.  Surely thou art one of the Immortals;’ and
they would have worshipped him then and there; but Perseus said—

‘I am not one of the Immortals; but I am a hero of the Hellens.  And I
have slain the Gorgon in the wilderness, and bear her head with me.  Give
me food, therefore, that I may go forward and finish my work.’

Then they gave him food, and fruit, and wine; but they would not let him
go.  And when the news came into the city that the Gorgon was slain, the
priests came out to meet him, and the maidens, with songs and dances, and
timbrels and harps; and they would have brought him to their temple and
to their king; but Perseus put on the hat of darkness, and vanished away
out of their sight.

Therefore the Egyptians looked long for his return, but in vain, and
worshipped him as a hero, and made a statue of him in Chemmis, which
stood for many a hundred years; and they said that he appeared to them at
times, with sandals a cubit long; and that whenever he appeared the
season was fruitful, and the Nile rose high that year.

Then Perseus went to the eastward, along the Red Sea shore; and then,
because he was afraid to go into the Arabian deserts, he turned northward
once more, and this time no storm hindered him.

He went past the Isthmus, and Mount Casius, and the vast Serbonian bog,
and up the shore of Palestine, where the dark-faced Æthiops dwelt.

He flew on past pleasant hills and valleys, like Argos itself, or
Lacedæmon, or the fair Vale of Tempe.  But the lowlands were all drowned
by floods, and the highlands blasted by fire, and the hills heaved like a
babbling cauldron, before the wrath of King Poseidon, the shaker of the
earth.

And Perseus feared to go inland, but flew along the shore above the sea;
and he went on all the day, and the sky was black with smoke; and he went
on all the night, and the sky was red with flame.

And at the dawn of day he looked toward the cliffs; and at the water’s
edge, under a black rock, he saw a white image stand.

‘This,’ thought he, ‘must surely be the statue of some sea-God; I will go
near and see what kind of Gods these barbarians worship.’

So he came near; but when he came, it was no statue, but a maiden of
flesh and blood; for he could see her tresses streaming in the breeze;
and as he came closer still, he could see how she shrank and shivered
when the waves sprinkled her with cold salt spray.  Her arms were spread
above her head, and fastened to the rock with chains of brass; and her
head drooped on her bosom, either with sleep, or weariness, or grief.
But now and then she looked up and wailed, and called her mother; yet she
did not see Perseus, for the cap of darkness was on his head.

                     [Picture: Perseus and the maid]

Full of pity and indignation, Perseus drew near and looked upon the maid.
Her cheeks were darker than his were, and her hair was blue-black like a
hyacinth; but Perseus thought, ‘I have never seen so beautiful a maiden;
no, not in all our isles.  Surely she is a king’s daughter.  Do
barbarians treat their kings’ daughters thus?  She is too fair, at least,
to have done any wrong I will speak to her.’

And, lifting the hat from his head, he flashed into her sight.  She
shrieked with terror, and tried to hide her face with her hair, for she
could not with her hands; but Perseus cried—

‘Do not fear me, fair one; I am a Hellen, and no barbarian.  What cruel
men have bound you?  But first I will set you free.’

And he tore at the fetters, but they were too strong for him; while the
maiden cried—

‘Touch me not; I am accursed, devoted as a victim to the sea-Gods.  They
will slay you, if you dare to set me free.’

‘Let them try,’ said Perseus; and drawing, Herpé from his thigh, he cut
through the brass as if it had been flax.

‘Now,’ he said, ‘you belong to me, and not to these sea-Gods, whosoever
they may be!’  But she only called the more on her mother.

‘Why call on your mother?  She can be no mother to have left you here.
If a bird is dropped out of the nest, it belongs to the man who picks it
up.  If a jewel is cast by the wayside, it is his who dare win it and
wear it, as I will win you and will wear you.  I know now why Pallas
Athené sent me hither.  She sent me to gain a prize worth all my toil and
more.’

And he clasped her in his arms, and cried, ‘Where are these sea-Gods,
cruel and unjust, who doom fair maids to death?  I carry the weapons of
Immortals.  Let them measure their strength against mine!  But tell me,
maiden, who you are, and what dark fate brought you here.’

And she answered, weeping—

‘I am the daughter of Cepheus, King of Iopa, and my mother is Cassiopoeia
of the beautiful tresses, and they called me Andromeda, as long as life
was mine.  And I stand bound here, hapless that I am, for the
sea-monster’s food, to atone for my mother’s sin.  For she boasted of me
once that I was fairer than Atergatis, Queen of the Fishes; so she in her
wrath sent the sea-floods, and her brother the Fire King sent the
earthquakes, and wasted all the land, and after the floods a monster bred
of the slime, who devours all living things.  And now he must devour me,
guiltless though I am—me who never harmed a living thing, nor saw a fish
upon the shore but I gave it life, and threw it back into the sea; for in
our land we eat no fish, for fear of Atergatis their queen.  Yet the
priests say that nothing but my blood can atone for a sin which I never
committed.’

But Perseus laughed, and said, ‘A sea-monster?  I have fought with worse
than him: I would have faced Immortals for your sake; how much more a
beast of the sea?’

Then Andromeda looked up at him, and new hope was kindled in her breast,
so proud and fair did he stand, with one hand round her, and in the other
the glittering sword.  But she only sighed, and wept the more, and cried—

‘Why will you die, young as you are?  Is there not death and sorrow
enough in the world already?  It is noble for me to die, that I may save
the lives of a whole people; but you, better than them all, why should I
slay you too?  Go you your way; I must go mine.’

But Perseus cried, ‘Not so; for the Lords of Olympus, whom I serve, are
the friends of the heroes, and help them on to noble deeds.  Led by them,
I slew the Gorgon, the beautiful horror; and not without them do I come
hither, to slay this monster with that same Gorgon’s head.  Yet hide your
eyes when I leave you, lest the sight of it freeze you too to stone.’

But the maiden answered nothing, for she could not believe his words.
And then, suddenly looking up, she pointed to the sea, and shrieked—

‘There he comes, with the sunrise, as they promised.  I must die now.
How shall I endure it?  Oh, go!  Is it not dreadful enough to be torn
piecemeal, without having you to look on?’  And she tried to thrust him
away.

But he said, ‘I go; yet promise me one thing ere I go: that if I slay
this beast you will be my wife, and come back with me to my kingdom in
fruitful Argos, for I am a king’s heir.  Promise me, and seal it with a
kiss.’

Then she lifted up her face, and kissed him; and Perseus laughed for joy,
and flew upward, while Andromeda crouched trembling on the rock, waiting
for what might befall.

On came the great sea-monster, coasting along like a huge black galley,
lazily breasting the ripple, and stopping at times by creek or headland
to watch for the laughter of girls at their bleaching, or cattle pawing
on the sand-hills, or boys bathing on the beach.  His great sides were
fringed with clustering shells and sea-weeds, and the water gurgled in
and out of his wide jaws, as he rolled along, dripping and glistening in
the beams of the morning sun.

At last he saw Andromeda, and shot forward to take his prey, while the
waves foamed white behind him, and before him the fish fled leaping.

Then down from the height of the air fell Perseus like a shooting star;
down to the crests of the waves, while Andromeda hid her face as he
shouted; and then there was silence for a while.

At last she looked up trembling, and saw Perseus springing toward her;
and instead of the monster a long black rock, with the sea rippling
quietly round it.

Who then so proud as Perseus, as he leapt back to the rock, and lifted
his fair Andromeda in his arms, and flew with her to the cliff-top, as a
falcon carries a dove?

Who so proud as Perseus, and who so joyful as all the Æthiop people?  For
they had stood watching the monster from the cliffs, wailing for the
maiden’s fate.  And already a messenger had gone to Cepheus and
Cassiopoeia, where they sat in sackcloth and ashes on the ground, in the
innermost palace chambers, awaiting their daughter’s end.  And they came,
and all the city with them, to see the wonder, with songs and with
dances, with cymbals and harps, and received their daughter back again,
as one alive from the dead.

Then Cepheus said, ‘Hero of the Hellens, stay here with me and be my
son-in-law, and I will give you the half of my kingdom.’

‘I will be your son-in-law,’ said Perseus, ‘but of your kingdom I will
have none, for I long after the pleasant land of Greece, and my mother
who waits for me at home.’

Then Cepheus said, ‘You must not take my daughter away at once, for she
is to us like one alive from the dead.  Stay with us here a year, and
after that you shall return with honour.’  And Perseus consented; but
before he went to the palace he bade the people bring stones and wood,
and built three altars, one to Athené, and one to Hermes, and one to
Father Zeus, and offered bullocks and rams.

And some said, ‘This is a pious man;’ yet the priests said, ‘The Sea
Queen will be yet more fierce against us, because her monster is slain.’
But they were afraid to speak aloud, for they feared the Gorgon’s head.
So they went up to the palace; and when they came in, there stood in the
hall Phineus, the brother of Cepheus, chafing like a bear robbed of her
whelps, and with him his sons, and his servants, and many an armed man;
and he cried to Cepheus—

‘You shall not marry your daughter to this stranger, of whom no one knows
even the name.  Was not Andromeda betrothed to my son?  And now she is
safe again, has he not a right to claim her?’

But Perseus laughed, and answered, ‘If your son is in want of a bride,
let him save a maiden for himself.  As yet he seems but a helpless
bride-groom.  He left this one to die, and dead she is to him.  I saved
her alive, and alive she is to me, but to no one else.  Ungrateful man!
have I not saved your land, and the lives of your sons and daughters, and
will you requite me thus?  Go, or it will be worse for you.’  But all the
men-at-arms drew their swords, and rushed on him like wild beasts.

Then he unveiled the Gorgon’s head, and said, ‘This has delivered my
bride from one wild beast: it shall deliver her from many.’  And as he
spoke Phineus and all his men-at-arms stopped short, and stiffened each
man as he stood; and before Perseus had drawn the goat-skin over the face
again, they were all turned into stone.

Then Perseuss bade the people bring levers and roll them out; and what was
done with them after that I cannot tell.

So they made a great wedding-feast, which lasted seven whole days, and
who so happy as Perseus and Andromeda?

But on the eighth night Perseus dreamed a dream; and he saw standing
beside him Pallas Athené, as he had seen her in Seriphos, seven long
years before; and she stood and called him by name, and said—

‘Perseus, you have played the man, and see, you have your reward.  Know
now that the Gods are just, and help him who helps himself.  Now give me
here Herpé the sword, and the sandals, and the hat of darkness, that I
may give them back to their owners; but the Gorgon’s head you shall keep
a while, for you will need it in your land of Greece.  Then you shall lay
it up in my temple at Seriphos, that I may wear it on my shield for ever,
a terror to the Titans and the monsters, and the foes of Gods and men.
And as for this land, I have appeased the sea and the fire, and there
shall be no more floods nor earthquakes.  But let the people build altars
to Father Zeus, and to me, and worship the Immortals, the Lords of heaven
and earth.’

And Perseus rose to give her the sword, and the cap, and the sandals; but
he woke, and his dream vanished away.  And yet it was not altogether a
dream; for the goat-skin with the head was in its place; but the sword,
and the cap, and the sandals were gone, and Perseus never saw them more.

Then a great awe fell on Perseus; and he went out in the morning to the
people, and told his dream, and bade them build altars to Zeus, the
Father of Gods and men, and to Athené, who gives wisdom to heroes; and
fear no more the earthquakes and the floods, but sow and build in peace.
And they did so for a while, and prospered; but after Perseus was gone
they forgot Zeus and Athené, and worshipped again Atergatis the queen,
and the undying fish of the sacred lake, where Deucalion’s deluge was
swallowed up, and they burnt their children before the Fire King, till
Zeus was angry with that foolish people, and brought a strange nation
against them out of Egypt, who fought against them and wasted them
utterly, and dwelt in their cities for many a hundred years.



PART V
HOW PERSEUS CAME HOME AGAIN


And when a year was ended Perseus hired Phoenicians from Tyre, and cut
down cedars, and built himself a noble galley; and painted its cheeks
with vermilion, and pitched its sides with pitch; and in it he put
Andromeda, and all her dowry of jewels, and rich shawls, and spices from
the East; and great was the weeping when they rowed away.  But the
remembrance of his brave deed was left behind; and Andromeda’s rock was
shown at Iopa in Palestine till more than a thousand years were past.

So Perseus and the Phoenicians rowed to the westward, across the sea of
Crete, till they came to the blue Ægean and the pleasant Isles of Hellas,
and Seriphos, his ancient home.

Then he left his galley on the beach, and went up as of old; and he
embraced his mother, and Dictys his good foster-father, and they wept
over each other a long while, for it was seven years and more since they
had met.

Then Perseus went out, and up to the hall of Polydectes; and underneath
the goat-skin he bore the Gorgon’s head.

And when he came into the hall, Polydectes sat at the table-head, and all
his nobles and landowners on either side, each according to his rank,
feasting on the fish and the goat’s flesh, and drinking the blood-red
wine.  The harpers harped, and the revellers shouted, and the wine-cups
rang merrily as they passed from hand to hand, and great was the noise in
the hall of Polydectes.

Then Perseus stood upon the threshold, and called to the king by name.
But none of the guests knew Perseus, for he was changed by his long
journey.  He had gone out a boy, and he was come home a hero; his eye
shone like an eagle’s, and his beard was like a lion’s beard, and he
stood up like a wild bull in his pride.

But Polydectes the wicked knew him, and hardened his heart still more;
and scornfully he called—

‘Ah, foundling! have you found it more easy to promise than to fulfil?’

‘Those whom the Gods help fulfil their promises; and those who despise
them, reap as they have sown.  Behold the Gorgon’s head!’

Then Perseus drew back the goat-skin, and held aloft the Gorgon’s head.

Pale grew Polydectes and his guests as they looked upon that dreadful
face.  They tried to rise up from their seats: but from their seats they
never rose, but stiffened, each man where he sat, into a ring of cold
gray stones.

Then Perseus turned and left them, and went down to his galley in the
bay; and he gave the kingdom to good Dictys, and sailed away with his
mother and his bride.

And Polydectes and his guests sat still, with the wine-cups before them
on the board, till the rafters crumbled down above their heads, and the
walls behind their backs, and the table crumbled down between them, and
the grass sprung up about their feet: but Polydectes and his guests sit
on the hillside, a ring of gray stones until this day.

But Perseus rowed westward toward Argos, and landed, and went up to the
town.  And when he came, he found that Acrisius his grandfather had fled.
For Proetus his wicked brother had made war against him afresh; and had
come across the river from Tiryns, and conquered Argos, and Acrisius had
fled to Larissa, in the country of the wild Pelasgi.

Then Perseus called the Argives together, and told them who he was, and
all the noble deeds which he had done.  And all the nobles and the yeomen
made him king, for they saw that he had a royal heart; and they fought
with him against Argos, and took it, and killed Proetus, and made the
Cyclopes serve them, and build them walls round Argos, like the walls
which they had built at Tiryns; and there were great rejoicings in the
vale of Argos, because they had got a king from Father Zeus.

But Perseus’ heart yearned after his grandfather, and he said, ‘Surely he
is my flesh and blood, and he will love me now that I am come home with
honour: I will go and find him, and bring him home, and we will reign
together in peace.’

So Perseus sailed away with his Phoenicians, round Hydrea and Sunium,
past Marathon and the Attic shore, and through Euripus, and up the long
Euboean sea, till he came to the town of Larissa, where the wild Pelasgi
dwelt.

And when he came there, all the people were in the fields, and there was
feasting, and all kinds of games; for Teutamenes their king wished to
honour Acrisius, because he was the king of a mighty land.

So Perseus did not tell his name, but went up to the games unknown; for
he said, ‘If I carry away the prize in the games, my grandfather’s heart
will be softened toward me.’

So he threw off his helmet, and his cuirass, and all his clothes, and
stood among the youths of Larissa, while all wondered at him, and said,
‘Who is this young stranger, who stands like a wild bull in his pride?
Surely he is one of the heroes, the sons of the Immortals, from Olympus.’

And when the games began, they wondered yet more; for Perseus was the
best man of all at running, and leaping, and wrestling and throwing the
javelin; and he won four crowns, and took them, and then he said to
himself, ‘There is a fifth crown yet to be won: I will win that, and lay
them all upon the knees of my grandfather.’

And as he spoke, he saw where Acrisius sat, by the side of Teutamenes the
king, with his white beard flowing down upon his knees, and his royal
staff in his hand; and Perseus wept when he looked at him, for his heart
yearned after his kin; and he said, ‘Surely he is a kingly old man, yet
he need not be ashamed of his grandson.’

Then he took the quoits, and hurled them, five fathoms beyond all the
rest; and the people shouted, ‘Further yet, brave stranger!  There has
never been such a hurler in this land.’

Then Perseus put out all his strength, and hurled.  But a gust of wind
came from the sea, and carried the quoit aside, and far beyond all the
rest; and it fell on the foot of Acrisius, and he swooned away with the
pain.

Perseus shrieked, and ran up to him; but when they lifted the old man up
he was dead, for his life was slow and feeble.

Then Perseus rent his clothes, and cast dust upon his head, and wept a
long while for his grandfather.  At last he rose, and called to all the
people aloud, and said—

‘The Gods are true, and what they have ordained must be.  I am Perseus,
the grandson of this dead man, the far-famed slayer of the Gorgon.’

Then he told them how the prophecy had declared that he should kill his
grandfather, and all the story of his life.

So they made a great mourning for Acrisius, and burnt him on a right rich
pile; and Perseus went to the temple, and was purified from the guilt of
the death, because he had done it unknowingly.

Then he went home to Argos, and reigned there well with fair Andromeda;
and they had four sons and three daughters, and died in a good old age.

And when they died, the ancients say, Athené took them up into the sky,
with Cepheus and Cassiopoeia.  And there on starlight nights you may see
them shining still; Cepheus with his kingly crown, and Cassiopoeia in her
ivory chair, plaiting her star-spangled tresses, and Perseus with the
Gorgon’s head, and fair Andromeda beside him, spreading her long white
arms across the heaven, as she stood when chained to the stone for the
monster.

All night long, they shine, for a beacon to wandering sailors; but all
day they feast with the Gods, on the still blue peaks of Olympus.




STORY II.—THE ARGONAUTS


PART I
HOW THE CENTAUR TRAINED THE HEROES ON PELION


I have told you of a hero who fought with wild beasts and with wild men;
but now I have a tale of heroes who sailed away into a distant land, to
win themselves renown for ever, in the adventure of the Golden Fleece.

Whither they sailed, my children, I cannot clearly tell.  It all happened
long ago; so long that it has all grown dim, like a dream which you
dreamt last year.  And why they went I cannot tell: some say that it was
to win gold.  It may be so; but the noblest deeds which have been done on
earth have not been done for gold.  It was not for the sake of gold that
the Lord came down and died, and the Apostles went out to preach the good
news in all lands.  The Spartans looked for no reward in money when they
fought and died at Thermopylæ; and Socrates the wise asked no pay from
his countrymen, but lived poor and barefoot all his days, only caring to
make men good.  And there are heroes in our days also, who do noble
deeds, but not for gold.  Our discoverers did not go to make themselves
rich when they sailed out one after another into the dreary frozen seas;
nor did the ladies who went out last year to drudge in the hospitals of
the East, making themselves poor, that they might be rich in noble works.
And young men, too, whom you know, children, and some of them of your own
kin, did they say to themselves, ‘How much money shall I earn?’ when they
went out to the war, leaving wealth, and comfort, and a pleasant home,
and all that money can give, to face hunger and thirst, and wounds and
death, that they might fight for their country and their Queen?  No,
children, there is a better thing on earth than wealth, a better thing
than life itself; and that is, to have done something before you die, for
which good men may honour you, and God your Father smile upon your work.

Therefore we will believe—why should we not?—of these same Argonauts of
old, that they too were noble men, who planned and did a noble deed; and
that therefore their fame has lived, and been told in story and in song,
mixed up, no doubt, with dreams and fables, and yet true and right at
heart.  So we will honour these old Argonauts, and listen to their story
as it stands; and we will try to be like them, each of us in our place;
for each of us has a Golden Fleece to seek, and a wild sea to sail over
ere we reach it, and dragons to fight ere it be ours.

                                * * * * *

And what was that first Golden Fleece?  I do not know, nor care.  The old
Hellens said that it hung in Colchis, which we call the Circassian coast,
nailed to a beech-tree in the war-God’s wood; and that it was the fleece
of the wondrous ram who bore Phrixus and Helle across the Euxine sea.
For Phrixus and Helle were the children of the cloud-nymph, and of
Athamas the Minuan king.  And when a famine came upon the land, their
cruel step-mother Ino wished to kill them, that her own children might
reign, and said that they must be sacrificed on an altar, to turn away
the anger of the Gods.  So the poor children were brought to the altar,
and the priest stood ready with his knife, when out of the clouds came
the Golden Ram, and took them on his back, and vanished.  Then madness
came upon that foolish king, Athamas, and ruin upon Ino and her children.
For Athamas killed one of them in his fury, and Ino fled from him with
the other in her arms, and leaped from a cliff into the sea, and was
changed into a dolphin, such as you have seen, which wanders over the
waves for ever sighing, with its little one clasped to its breast.

But the people drove out King Athamas, because he had killed his child;
and he roamed about in his misery, till he came to the Oracle in Delphi.
And the Oracle told him that he must wander for his sin, till the wild
beasts should feast him as their guest.  So he went on in hunger and
sorrow for many a weary day, till he saw a pack of wolves.  The wolves
were tearing a sheep; but when they saw Athamas they fled, and left the
sheep for him, and he ate of it; and then he knew that the oracle was
fulfilled at last.  So he wandered no more; but settled, and built a
town, and became a king again.

But the ram carried the two children far away over land and sea, till he
came to the Thracian Chersonese, and there Helle fell into the sea.  So
those narrow straits are called ‘Hellespont,’ after her; and they bear
that name until this day.

Then the ram flew on with Phrixus to the north-east across the sea which
we call the Black Sea now; but the Hellens call it Euxine.  And at last,
they say, he stopped at Colchis, on the steep Circassian coast; and there
Phrixus married Chalciope, the daughter of Aietes the king; and offered
the ram in sacrifice; and Aietes nailed the ram’s fleece to a beech, in
the grove of Ares the war-God.

And after awhile Phrixus died, and was buried, but his spirit had no
rest; for he was buried far from his native land, and the pleasant hills
of Hellas.  So he came in dreams to the heroes of the Minuai, and called
sadly by their beds, ‘Come and set my spirit free, that I may go home to
my fathers and to my kinsfolk, and the pleasant Minuan land.’

And they asked, ‘How shall we set your spirit free?’

‘You must sail over the sea to Colchis, and bring home the golden fleece;
and then my spirit will come back with it, and I shall sleep with my
fathers and have rest.’

He came thus, and called to them often; but when they woke they looked at
each other, and said, ‘Who dare sail to Colchis, or bring home the golden
fleece?’  And in all the country none was brave enough to try it; for the
man and the time were not come.

Phrixus had a cousin called Æson, who was king in Iolcos by the sea.
There he ruled over the rich Minuan heroes, as Athamas his uncle ruled in
Boeotia; and, like Athamas, he was an unhappy man.  For he had a
step-brother named Pelias, of whom some said that he was a nymph’s son,
and there were dark and sad tales about his birth.  When he was a babe he
was cast out on the mountains, and a wild mare came by and kicked him.
But a shepherd passing found the baby, with its face all blackened by the
blow; and took him home, and called him Pelias, because his face was
bruised and black.  And he grew up fierce and lawless, and did many a
fearful deed; and at last he drove out Æson his step-brother, and then
his own brother Neleus, and took the kingdom to himself, and ruled over
the rich Minuan heroes, in Iolcos by the sea.

And Æson, when he was driven out, went sadly away out of the town,
leading his little son by the hand; and he said to himself, ‘I must hide
the child in the mountains; or Pelias will surely kill him, because he is
the heir.’

So he went up from the sea across the valley, through the vineyards and
the olive groves, and across the torrent of Anauros, toward Pelion the
ancient mountain, whose brows are white with snow.

He went up and up into the mountain, over marsh, and crag, and down, till
the boy was tired and footsore, and Æson had to bear him in his arms,
till he came to the mouth of a lonely cave, at the foot of a mighty
cliff.

Above the cliff the snow-wreaths hung, dripping and cracking in the sun;
but at its foot around the cave’s mouth grew all fair flowers and herbs,
as if in a garden, ranged in order, each sort by itself.  There they grew
gaily in the sunshine, and the spray of the torrent from above; while
from the cave came the sound of music, and a man’s voice singing to the
harp.

Then Æson put down the lad, and whispered—

‘Fear not, but go in, and whomsoever you shall find, lay your hands upon
his knees, and say, “In the name of Zeus, the father of Gods and men, I
am your guest from this day forth.”’

Then the lad went in without trembling, for he too was a hero’s son; but
when he was within, he stopped in wonder to listen to that magic song.

And there he saw the singer lying upon bear-skins and fragrant boughs:
Cheiron, the ancient centaur, the wisest of all things beneath the sky.
Down to the waist he was a man, but below he was a noble horse; his white
hair rolled down over his broad shoulders, and his white beard over his
broad brown chest; and his eyes were wise and mild, and his forehead like
a mountain-wall.

And in his hands he held a harp of gold, and struck it with a golden key;
and as he struck, he sang till his eyes glittered, and filled all the
cave with light.

And he sang of the birth of Time, and of the heavens and the dancing
stars; and of the ocean, and the ether, and the fire, and the shaping of
the wondrous earth.  And he sang of the treasures of the hills, and the
hidden jewels of the mine, and the veins of fire and metal, and the
virtues of all healing herbs, and of the speech of birds, and of
prophecy, and of hidden things to come.

Then he sang of health, and strength, and manhood, and a valiant heart;
and of music, and hunting, and wrestling, and all the games which heroes
love: and of travel, and wars, and sieges, and a noble death in fight;
and then he sang of peace and plenty, and of equal justice in the land;
and as he sang the boy listened wide-eyed, and forgot his errand in the
song.

And at the last old Cheiron was silent, and called the lad with a soft
voice.

And the lad ran trembling to him, and would have laid his hands upon his
knees; but Cheiron smiled, and said, ‘Call hither your father Æson, for I
know you, and all that has befallen, and saw you both afar in the valley,
even before you left the town.’

Then Æson came in sadly, and Cheiron asked him, ‘Why camest you not
yourself to me, Æson the Æolid?’

And Æson said—

‘I thought, Cheiron will pity the lad if he sees him come alone; and I
wished to try whether he was fearless, and dare venture like a hero’s
son.  But now I entreat you by Father Zeus, let the boy be your guest
till better times, and train him among the sons of the heroes, that he
may avenge his father’s house.’

Then Cheiron smiled, and drew the lad to him, and laid his hand upon his
golden locks, and said, ‘Are you afraid of my horse’s hoofs, fair boy, or
will you be my pupil from this day?’

‘I would gladly have horse’s hoofs like you, if I could sing such songs
as yours.’

And Cheiron laughed, and said, ‘Sit here by me till sundown, when your
playfellows will come home, and you shall learn like them to be a king,
worthy to rule over gallant men.’

Then he turned to Æson, and said, ‘Go back in peace, and bend before the
storm like a prudent man.  This boy shall not cross the Anauros again,
till he has become a glory to you and to the house of Æolus.’

And Æson wept over his son and went away; but the boy did not weep, so
full was his fancy of that strange cave, and the centaur, and his song,
and the playfellows whom he was to see.

Then Cheiron put the lyre into his hands, and taught him how to play it,
till the sun sank low behind the cliff, and a shout was heard outside.

And then in came the sons of the heroes, Æneas, and Heracles, and Peleus,
and many another mighty name.

And great Cheiron leapt up joyfully, and his hoofs made the cave resound,
as they shouted, ‘Come out, Father Cheiron; come out and see our game.’
And one cried, ‘I have killed two deer;’ and another, ‘I took a wild cat
among the crags;’ and Heracles dragged a wild goat after him by its
horns, for he was as huge as a mountain crag; and Coeneus carried a
bear-cub under each arm, and laughed when they scratched and bit, for
neither tooth nor steel could wound him.

And Cheiron praised them all, each according to his deserts.

                            [Picture: Cheiron]

Only one walked apart and silent, Asclepius, the too-wise child, with his
bosom full of herbs and flowers, and round his wrist a spotted snake; he
came with downcast eyes to Cheiron, and whispered how he had watched the
snake cast its old skin, and grow young again before his eyes, and how he
had gone down into a village in the vale, and cured a dying man with a
herb which he had seen a sick goat eat.

And Cheiron smiled, and said, ‘To each Athené and Apollo give some gift,
and each is worthy in his place; but to this child they have given an
honour beyond all honours, to cure while others kill.’

Then the lads brought in wood, and split it, and lighted a blazing fire;
and others skinned the deer and quartered them, and set them to roast
before the fire; and while the venison was cooking they bathed in the
snow-torrent, and washed away the dust and sweat.

And then all ate till they could eat no more (for they had tasted nothing
since the dawn), and drank of the clear spring water, for wine is not fit
for growing lads.  And when the remnants were put away, they all lay down
upon the skins and leaves about the fire, and each took the lyre in turn,
and sang and played with all his heart.

And after a while they all went out to a plot of grass at the cave’s
mouth, and there they boxed, and ran, and wrestled, and laughed till the
stones fell from the cliffs.

Then Cheiron took his lyre, and all the lads joined hands; and as be
played, they danced to his measure, in and out, and round and round.
There they danced hand in hand, till the night fell over land and sea,
while the black glen shone with their broad white limbs and the gleam of
their golden hair.

And the lad danced with them, delighted, and then slept a wholesome
sleep, upon fragrant leaves of bay, and myrtle, and marjoram, and flowers
of thyme; and rose at the dawn, and bathed in the torrent, and became a
schoolfellow to the heroes’ sons, and forgot Iolcos, and his father, and
all his former life.  But he grew strong, and brave and cunning, upon the
pleasant downs of Pelion, in the keen hungry mountain air.  And he learnt
to wrestle, and to box, and to hunt, and to play upon the harp; and next
he learnt to ride, for old Cheiron used to mount him on his back; and he
learnt the virtues of all herbs and how to cure all wounds; and Cheiron
called him Jason the healer, and that is his name until this day.



PART II
HOW JASON LOST HIS SANDAL IN ANAUROS


And ten years came and went, and Jason was grown to be a mighty man.
Some of his fellows were gone, and some were growing up by his side.
Asclepius was gone into Peloponnese to work his wondrous cures on men;
and some say he used to raise the dead to life.  And Heracles was gone to
Thebes to fulfil those famous labours which have become a proverb among
men.  And Peleus had married a sea-nymph, and his wedding is famous to
this day.  And Æneas was gone home to Troy, and many a noble tale you
will read of him, and of all the other gallant heroes, the scholars of
Cheiron the just.  And it happened on a day that Jason stood on the
mountain, and looked north and south and east and west; and Cheiron stood
by him and watched him, for he knew that the time was come.

And Jason looked and saw the plains of Thessaly, where the Lapithai breed
their horses; and the lake of Boibé, and the stream which runs northward
to Peneus and Tempe; and he looked north, and saw the mountain wall which
guards the Magnesian shore; Olympus, the seat of the Immortals, and Ossa,
and Pelion, where he stood. Then he looked east and saw the bright blue
sea, which stretched away for ever toward the dawn.  Then he looked
south, and saw a pleasant land, with white-walled towns and farms,
nestling along the shore of a land-locked bay, while the smoke rose blue
among the trees; and he knew it for the bay of Pagasai, and the rich
lowlands of Hæmonia, and Iolcos by the sea.

Then he sighed, and asked, ‘Is it true what the heroes tell me—that I am
heir of that fair land?’

‘And what good would it be to you, Jason, if you were heir of that fair
land?’

‘I would take it and keep it.’

‘A strong man has taken it and kept it long.  Are you stronger than
Pelias the terrible?’

‘I can try my strength with his,’ said Jason; but Cheiron sighed, and
said—

‘You have many a danger to go through before you rule in Iolcos by the
sea: many a danger and many a woe; and strange troubles in strange lands,
such as man never saw before.’

‘The happier I,’ said Jason, ‘to see what man never saw before.’

And Cheiron sighed again, and said, ‘The eaglet must leave the nest when
it is fledged.  Will you go to Iolcos by the sea?  Then promise me two
things before you go.’

Jason promised, and Cheiron answered, ‘Speak harshly to no soul whom you
may meet, and stand by the word which you shall speak.’

Jason wondered why Cheiron asked this of him; but he knew that the
Centaur was a prophet, and saw things long before they came.  So he
promised, and leapt down the mountain, to take his fortune like a man.

He went down through the arbutus thickets, and across the downs of thyme,
till he came to the vineyard walls, and the pomegranates and the olives
in the glen; and among the olives roared Anauros, all foaming with a
summer flood.

And on the bank of Anauros sat a woman, all wrinkled, gray, and old; her
head shook palsied on her breast, and her hands shook palsied on her
knees; and when she saw Jason, she spoke whining, ‘Who will carry me
across the flood?’

Jason was bold and hasty, and was just going to leap into the flood: and
yet he thought twice before he leapt, so loud roared the torrent down,
all brown from the mountain rains, and silver-veined with melting snow;
while underneath he could hear the boulders rumbling like the tramp of
horsemen or the roll of wheels, as they ground along the narrow channel,
and shook the rocks on which he stood.

But the old woman whined all the more, ‘I am weak and old, fair youth.
For Hera’s sake, carry me over the torrent.’

And Jason was going to answer her scornfully, when Cheiron’s words came
to his mind.

So he said, ‘For Hera’s sake, the Queen of the Immortals on Olympus, I
will carry you over the torrent, unless we both are drowned midway.’

Then the old dame leapt upon his back, as nimbly as a goat; and Jason
staggered in, wondering; and the first step was up to his knees.

The first step was up to his knees, and the second step was up to his
waist; and the stones rolled about his feet, and his feet slipped about
the stones; so he went on staggering, and panting, while the old woman
cried from off his back—

‘Fool, you have wet my mantle!  Do you make game of poor old souls like
me?’

Jason had half a mind to drop her, and let her get through the torrent by
herself; but Cheiron’s words were in his mind, and he said only,
‘Patience, mother; the best horse may stumble some day.’

At last he staggered to the shore, and set her down upon the bank; and a
strong man he needed to have been, or that wild water he never would have
crossed.

He lay panting awhile upon the bank, and then leapt up to go upon his
journey; but he cast one look at the old woman, for he thought, ‘She
should thank me once at least.’

And as he looked, she grew fairer than all women, and taller than all men
on earth; and her garments shone like the summer sea, and her jewels like
the stars of heaven; and over her forehead was a veil woven of the golden
clouds of sunset; and through the veil she looked down on him, with great
soft heifer’s eyes; with great eyes, mild and awful, which filled all the
glen with light.

And Jason fell upon his knees, and hid his face between his hands.

And she spoke, ‘I am the Queen of Olympus, Hera the wife of Zeus.  As
thou hast done to me, so will I do to thee.  Call on me in the hour of
need, and try if the Immortals can forget.’

                        [Picture: Jason and Hera]

And when Jason looked up, she rose from off the earth, like a pillar of
tall white cloud, and floated away across the mountain peaks, toward
Olympus the holy hill.

Then a great fear fell on Jason: but after a while he grew light of
heart; and he blessed old Cheiron, and said, ‘Surely the Centaur is a
prophet, and guessed what would come to pass, when he bade me speak
harshly to no soul whom I might meet.’

Then he went down toward Iolcos; and as he walked he found that he had
lost one of his sandals in the flood.

And as he went through the streets, the people came out to look at him,
so tall and fair was he; but some of the elders whispered together; and
at last one of them stopped Jason, and called to him, ‘Fair lad, who are
you, and whence come you; and what is your errand in the town?’

‘My name, good father, is Jason, and I come from Pelion up above; and my
errand is to Pelias your king; tell me then where his palace is.’

But the old man started, and grew pale, and said, ‘Do you not know the
oracle, my son, that you go so boldly through the town with but one
sandal on?’

‘I am a stranger here, and know of no oracle; but what of my one sandal?
I lost the other in Anauros, while I was struggling with the flood.’

Then the old man looked back to his companions; and one sighed, and
another smiled; at last he said, ‘I will tell you, lest you rush upon
your ruin unawares.  The oracle in Delphi has said that a man wearing one
sandal should take the kingdom from Pelias, and keep it for himself.
Therefore beware how you go up to his palace, for he is the fiercest and
most cunning of all kings.’

Then Jason laughed a great laugh, like a war-horse in his pride.  ‘Good
news, good father, both for you and me.  For that very end I came into
the town.’

Then he strode on toward the palace of Pelias, while all the people
wondered at his bearing.

And he stood in the doorway and cried, ‘Come out, come out, Pelias the
valiant, and fight for your kingdom like a man.’

Pelias came out wondering, and ‘Who are you, bold youth?’ he cried.

‘I am Jason, the son of Æson, the heir of all this land.’

Then Pelias lifted up his hands and eyes, and wept, or seemed to weep;
and blessed the heavens which had brought his nephew to him, never to
leave him more.  ‘For,’ said he, ‘I have but three daughters, and no son
to be my heir.  You shall be my heir then, and rule the kingdom after me,
and marry whichsoever of my daughters you shall choose; though a sad
kingdom you will find it, and whosoever rules it a miserable man.  But
come in, come in, and feast.’

So he drew Jason in, whether he would or not, and spoke to him so
lovingly and feasted him so well, that Jason’s anger passed; and after
supper his three cousins came into the hall, and Jason thought that he
should like well enough to have one of them for his wife.

But at last he said to Pelias, ‘Why do you look so sad, my uncle?  And
what did you mean just now when you said that this was a doleful kingdom,
and its ruler a miserable man?’

Then Pelias sighed heavily again and again and again, like a man who had
to tell some dreadful story, and was afraid to begin; but at last—

‘For seven long years and more have I never known a quiet night; and no
more will he who comes after me, till the golden fleece be brought home.’

Then he told Jason the story of Phrixus, and of the golden fleece; and
told him, too, which was a lie, that Phrixus’ spirit tormented him,
calling to him day and night.  And his daughters came, and told the same
tale (for their father had taught them their parts), and wept, and said,
‘Oh who will bring home the golden fleece, that our uncle’s spirit may
rest; and that we may have rest also, whom he never lets sleep in peace?’

Jason sat awhile, sad and silent; for he had often heard of that golden
fleece; but he looked on it as a thing hopeless and impossible for any
mortal man to win it.

But when Pelias saw him silent, he began to talk of other things, and
courted Jason more and more, speaking to him as if he was certain to be
his heir, and asking his advice about the kingdom; till Jason, who was
young and simple, could not help saying to himself, ‘Surely he is not the
dark man whom people call him.  Yet why did he drive my father out?’  And
he asked Pelias boldly, ‘Men say that you are terrible, and a man of
blood; but I find you a kind and hospitable man; and as you are to me, so
will I be to you.  Yet why did you drive my father out?’

Pelias smiled, and sighed.  ‘Men have slandered me in that, as in all
things.  Your father was growing old and weary, and he gave the kingdom
up to me of his own will.  You shall see him to-morrow, and ask him; and
he will tell you the same.’

Jason’s heart leapt in him when he heard that he was to see his father;
and he believed all that Pelias said, forgetting that his father might
not dare to tell the truth.

‘One thing more there is,’ said Pelias, ‘on which I need your advice;
for, though you are young, I see in you a wisdom beyond your years.
There is one neighbour of mine, whom I dread more than all men on earth.
I am stronger than he now, and can command him; but I know that if he
stay among us, he will work my ruin in the end.  Can you give me a plan,
Jason, by which I can rid myself of that man?’

After awhile Jason answered, half laughing, ‘Were I you, I would send him
to fetch that same golden fleece; for if he once set forth after it you
would never be troubled with him more.’

And at that a bitter smile came across Pelias’ lips, and a flash of
wicked joy into his eyes; and Jason saw it, and started; and over his
mind came the warning of the old man, and his own one sandal, and the
oracle, and he saw that he was taken in a trap.

But Pelias only answered gently, ‘My son, he shall be sent forthwith.’

‘You mean me?’ cried Jason, starting up, ‘because I came here with one
sandal?’  And he lifted his fist angrily, while Pelias stood up to him
like a wolf at bay; and whether of the two was the stronger and the
fiercer it would be hard to tell.

But after a moment Pelias spoke gently, ‘Why then so rash, my son?  You,
and not I, have said what is said; why blame me for what I have not done?
Had you bid me love the man of whom I spoke, and make him my son-in-law
and heir, I would have obeyed you; and what if I obey you now, and send
the man to win himself immortal fame?  I have not harmed you, or him.
One thing at least I know, that he will go, and that gladly; for he has a
hero’s heart within him, loving glory, and scorning to break the word
which he has given.’

Jason saw that he was entrapped; but his second promise to Cheiron came
into his mind, and he thought, ‘What if the Centaur were a prophet in
that also, and meant that I should win the fleece!’  Then he cried aloud—

‘You have well spoken, cunning uncle of mine!  I love glory, and I dare
keep to my word.  I will go and fetch this golden fleece.  Promise me but
this in return, and keep your word as I keep mine.  Treat my father
lovingly while I am gone, for the sake of the all-seeing Zeus; and give
me up the kingdom for my own on the day that I bring back the golden
fleece.’

Then Pelias looked at him and almost loved him, in the midst of all his
hate; and said, ‘I promise, and I will perform.  It will be no shame to
give up my kingdom to the man who wins that fleece.’  Then they swore a
great oath between them; and afterwards both went in, and lay down to
sleep.

But Jason could not sleep for thinking of his mighty oath, and how he was
to fulfil it, all alone, and without wealth or friends.  So he tossed a
long time upon his bed, and thought of this plan and of that; and
sometimes Phrixus seemed to call him, in a thin voice, faint and low, as
if it came from far across the sea, ‘Let me come home to my fathers and
have rest.’  And sometimes he seemed to see the eyes of Hera, and to hear
her words again—‘Call on me in the hour of need, and see if the Immortals
can forget.’

And on the morrow he went to Pelias, and said, ‘Give me a victim, that I
may sacrifice to Hera.’  So he went up, and offered his sacrifice; and as
he stood by the altar Hera sent a thought into his mind; and he went back
to Pelias, and said—

‘If you are indeed in earnest, give me two heralds, that they may go
round to all the princes of the Minuai, who were pupils of the Centaur
with me, that we may fit out a ship together, and take what shall
befall.’

At that Pelias praised his wisdom, and hastened to send the heralds out;
for he said in his heart, ‘Let all the princes go with him, and, like
him, never return; for so I shall be lord of all the Minuai, and the
greatest king in Hellas.’



PART III
HOW THEY BUILT THE SHIP ‘ARGO’ IN IOLCOS


So the heralds went out, and cried to all the heroes of the Minuai, ‘Who
dare come to the adventure of the golden fleece?’

And Hera stirred the hearts of all the princes, and they came from all
their valleys to the yellow sands of Pagasai.  And first came Heracles
the mighty, with his lion’s skin and club, and behind him Hylas his young
squire, who bore his arrows and his bow; and Tiphys, the skilful
steersman; and Butes, the fairest of all men; and Castor and Polydeuces
the twins, the sons of the magic swan; and Cæneus, the strongest of
mortals, whom the Centaurs tried in vain to kill, and overwhelmed him
with trunks of pine-trees, but even so he would not die; and thither came
Zetes and Calais, the winged sons of the north wind; and Peleus, the
father of Achilles, whose bride was silver-footed Thetis, the goddess of
the sea.  And thither came Telamon and Oileus, the fathers of the two
Aiantes, who fought upon the plains of Troy; and Mopsus, the wise
soothsayer, who knew the speech of birds; and Idmon, to whom Phoebus gave
a tongue to prophesy of things to come; and Ancaios, who could read the
stars, and knew all the circles of the heavens; and Argus, the famed
shipbuilder, and many a hero more, in helmets of brass and gold with tall
dyed horse-hair crests, and embroidered shirts of linen beneath their
coats of mail, and greaves of polished tin to guard their knees in fight;
with each man his shield upon his shoulder, of many a fold of tough
bull’s hide, and his sword of tempered bronze in his silver-studded belt;
and in his right hand a pair of lances, of the heavy white ash-staves.

So they came down to Iolcos, and all the city came out to meet them, and
were never tired with looking at their height, and their beauty, and
their gallant bearing and the glitter of their inlaid arms.  And some
said, ‘Never was such a gathering of the heroes since the Hellens
conquered the land.’  But the women sighed over them, and whispered,
‘Alas! they are all going to their death!’

Then they felled the pines on Pelion, and shaped them with the axe, and
Argus taught them to build a galley, the first long ship which ever
sailed the seas.  They pierced her for fifty oars—an oar for each hero of
the crew—and pitched her with coal-black pitch, and painted her bows with
vermilion; and they named her _Argo_ after Argus, and worked at her all
day long.  And at night Pelias feasted them like a king, and they slept
in his palace-porch.

But Jason went away to the northward, and into the land of Thrace, till
he found Orpheus, the prince of minstrels, where he dwelt in his cave
under Rhodope, among the savage Cicon tribes.  And he asked him, ‘Will
you leave your mountains, Orpheus, my fellow-scholar in old times, and
cross Strymon once more with me, to sail with the heroes of the Minuai,
and bring home the golden fleece, and charm for us all men and all
monsters with your magic harp and song?’

Then Orpheus sighed, ‘Have I not had enough of toil and of weary
wandering, far and wide since I lived in Cheiron’s cave, above Iolcos by
the sea?  In vain is the skill and the voice which my goddess mother gave
me; in vain have I sung and laboured; in vain I went down to the dead,
and charmed all the kings of Hades, to win back Eurydice my bride.  For I
won her, my beloved, and lost her again the same day, and wandered away
in my madness, even to Egypt and the Libyan sands, and the isles of all
the seas, driven on by the terrible gadfly, while I charmed in vain the
hearts of men, and the savage forest beasts, and the trees, and the
lifeless stones, with my magic harp and song, giving rest, but finding
none.  But at last Calliope my mother delivered me, and brought me home
in peace; and I dwell here in the cave alone, among the savage Cicon
tribes, softening their wild hearts with music and the gentle laws of
Zeus.  And now I must go out again, to the ends of all the earth, far
away into the misty darkness, to the last wave of the Eastern Sea.  But
what is doomed must be, and a friend’s demand obeyed; for prayers are the
daughters of Zeus, and who honours them honours him.’

Then Orpheus rose up sighing, and took his harp, and went over Strymon.
And he led Jason to the south-west, up the banks of Haliacmon and over
the spurs of Pindus, to Dodona the town of Zeus, where it stood by the
side of the sacred lake, and the fountain which breathed out fire, in the
darkness of the ancient oakwood, beneath the mountain of the hundred
springs.  And he led him to the holy oak, where the black dove settled in
old times, and was changed into the priestess of Zeus, and gave oracles
to all nations round.  And he bade him cut down a bough, and sacrifice to
Hera and to Zeus; and they took the bough and came to Iolcos, and nailed
it to the beak-head of the ship.

And at last the ship was finished, and they tried to launch her down the
beach; but she was too heavy for them to move her, and her keel sank deep
into the sand.  Then all the heroes looked at each other blushing; but
Jason spoke, and said, ‘Let us ask the magic bough; perhaps it can help
us in our need.’

Then a voice came from the bough, and Jason heard the words it said, and
bade Orpheus play upon the harp, while the heroes waited round, holding
the pine-trunk rollers, to help her toward the sea.

Then Orpheus took his harp, and began his magic song—‘How sweet it is to
ride upon the surges, and to leap from wave to wave, while the wind sings
cheerful in the cordage, and the oars flash fast among the foam!  How
sweet it is to roam across the ocean, and see new towns and wondrous
lands, and to come home laden with treasure, and to win undying fame!’

And the good ship _Argo_ heard him, and longed to be away and out at sea;
till she stirred in every timber, and heaved from stem to stern, and
leapt up from the sand upon the rollers, and plunged onward like a
gallant horse; and the heroes fed her path with pine-trunks, till she
rushed into the whispering sea.

Then they stored her well with food and water, and pulled the ladder up
on board, and settled themselves each man to his oar, and kept time to
Orpheus’ harp; and away across the bay they rowed southward, while the
people lined the cliffs; and the women wept, while the men shouted, at
the starting of that gallant crew.



PART IV
HOW THE ARGONAUTS SAILED TO COLCHIS


And what happened next, my children, whether it be true or not, stands
written in ancient songs, which you shall read for yourselves some day.
And grand old songs they are, written in grand old rolling verse; and
they call them the Songs of Orpheus, or the Orphics, to this day.  And
they tell how the heroes came to Aphetai, across the bay, and waited for
the south-west wind, and chose themselves a captain from their crew: and
how all called for Heracles, because he was the strongest and most huge;
but Heracles refused, and called for Jason, because he was the wisest of
them all.  So Jason was chosen captain; and Orpheus heaped a pile of
wood, and slew a bull, and offered it to Hera, and called all the heroes
to stand round, each man’s head crowned with olive, and to strike their
swords into the bull.  Then he filled a golden goblet with the bull’s
blood, and with wheaten flour, and honey, and wine, and the bitter
salt-sea water, and bade the heroes taste.  So each tasted the goblet,
and passed it round, and vowed an awful vow: and they vowed before the
sun, and the night, and the blue-haired sea who shakes the land, to stand
by Jason faithfully in the adventure of the golden fleece; and whosoever
shrank back, or disobeyed, or turned traitor to his vow, then justice
should minister against him, and the Erinnues who track guilty men.

Then Jason lighted the pile, and burnt the carcase of the bull; and they
went to their ship and sailed eastward, like men who have a work to do;
and the place from which they went was called Aphetai, the sailing-place,
from that day forth.  Three thousand years and more they sailed away,
into the unknown Eastern seas; and great nations have come and gone since
then, and many a storm has swept the earth; and many a mighty armament,
to which _Argo_ would be but one small boat; English and French, Turkish
and Russian, have sailed those waters since; yet the fame of that small
_Argo_ lives for ever, and her name is become a proverb among men.

So they sailed past the Isle of Sciathos, with the Cape of Sepius on
their left, and turned to the northward toward Pelion, up the long
Magnesian shore.  On their right hand was the open sea, and on their left
old Pelion rose, while the clouds crawled round his dark pine-forests,
and his caps of summer snow.  And their hearts yearned for the dear old
mountain, as they thought of pleasant days gone by, and of the sports of
their boyhood, and their hunting, and their schooling in the cave beneath
the cliff.  And at last Peleus spoke, ‘Let us land here, friends, and
climb the dear old hill once more.  We are going on a fearful journey;
who knows if we shall see Pelion again?  Let us go up to Cheiron our
master, and ask his blessing ere we start.  And I have a boy, too, with
him, whom he trains as he trained me once—the son whom Thetis brought me,
the silver-footed lady of the sea, whom I caught in the cave, and tamed
her, though she changed her shape seven times.  For she changed, as I
held her, into water, and to vapour, and to burning flame, and to a rock,
and to a black-maned lion, and to a tall and stately tree.  But I held
her and held her ever, till she took her own shape again, and led her to
my father’s house, and won her for my bride.  And all the rulers of
Olympus came to our wedding, and the heavens and the earth rejoiced
together, when an Immortal wedded mortal man.  And now let me see my son;
for it is not often I shall see him upon earth: famous he will be, but
short-lived, and die in the flower of youth.’

So Tiphys the helmsman steered them to the shore under the crags of
Pelion; and they went up through the dark pine-forests towards the
Centaur’s cave.

And they came into the misty hall, beneath the snow-crowned crag; and saw
the great Centaur lying, with his huge limbs spread upon the rock; and
beside him stood Achilles, the child whom no steel could wound, and
played upon his harp right sweetly, while Cheiron watched and smiled.

Then Cheiron leapt up and welcomed them, and kissed them every one, and
set a feast before them of swine’s flesh, and venison, and good wine; and
young Achilles served them, and carried the golden goblet round.  And
after supper all the heroes clapped their hands, and called on Orpheus to
sing; but he refused, and said, ‘How can I, who am the younger, sing
before our ancient host?’  So they called on Cheiron to sing, and
Achilles brought him his harp; and he began a wondrous song; a famous
story of old time, of the fight between the Centaurs and the Lapithai,
which you may still see carved in stone. {96}  He sang how his brothers
came to ruin by their folly, when they were mad with wine; and how they
and the heroes fought, with fists, and teeth, and the goblets from which
they drank; and how they tore up the pine-trees in their fury, and hurled
great crags of stone, while the mountains thundered with the battle, and
the land was wasted far and wide; till the Lapithai drove them from their
home in the rich Thessalian plains to the lonely glens of Pindus, leaving
Cheiron all alone.  And the heroes praised his song right heartily; for
some of them had helped in that great fight.

Then Orpheus took the lyre, and sang of Chaos, and the making of the
wondrous World, and how all things sprang from Love, who could not live
alone in the Abyss.  And as he sang, his voice rose from the cave, above
the crags, and through the tree-tops, and the glens of oak and pine.  And
the trees bowed their heads when they heard it, and the gray rocks
cracked and rang, and the forest beasts crept near to listen, and the
birds forsook their nests and hovered round.  And old Cheiron claps his
hands together, and beat his hoofs upon the ground, for wonder at that
magic song.

Then Peleus kissed his boy, and wept over him, and they went down to the
ship; and Cheiron came down with them, weeping, and kissed them one by
one, and blest them, and promised to them great renown.  And the heroes
wept when they left him, till their great hearts could weep no more; for
he was kind and just and pious, and wiser than all beasts and men.  Then
he went up to a cliff, and prayed for them, that they might come home
safe and well; while the heroes rowed away, and watched him standing on
his cliff above the sea, with his great hands raised toward heaven, and
his white locks waving in the wind; and they strained their eyes to watch
him to the last, for they felt that they should look on him no more.

So they rowed on over the long swell of the sea, past Olympus, the seat
of the Immortals, and past the wooded bays of Athos, and Samothrace the
sacred isle; and they came past Lemnos to the Hellespont, and through the
narrow strait of Abydos, and so on into the Propontis, which we call
Marmora now.  And there they met with Cyzicus, ruling in Asia over the
Dolions, who, the songs say, was the son of Æneas, of whom you will hear
many a tale some day.  For Homer tells us how he fought at Troy, and
Virgil how he sailed away and founded Rome; and men believed until late
years that from him sprang our old British kings.  Now Cyzicus, the songs
say, welcomed the heroes, for his father had been one of Cheiron’s
scholars; so he welcomed them, and feasted them, and stored their ship
with corn and wine, and cloaks and rugs, the songs say, and shirts, of
which no doubt they stood in need.

But at night, while they lay sleeping, came down on them terrible men,
who lived with the bears in the mountains, like Titans or giants in
shape; for each of them had six arms, and they fought with young firs and
pines.  But Heracles killed them all before morn with his deadly poisoned
arrows; but among them, in the darkness, he slew Cyzicus the kindly
prince.

Then they got to their ship and to their oars, and Tiphys bade them cast
off the hawsers and go to sea.  But as he spoke a whirlwind came, and
spun the _Argo_ round, and twisted the hawsers together, so that no man
could loose them.  Then Tiphys dropped the rudder from his hand, and
cried, ‘This comes from the Gods above.’  But Jason went forward, and
asked counsel of the magic bough.

Then the magic bough spoke, and answered, ‘This is because you have slain
Cyzicus your friend.  You must appease his soul, or you will never leave
this shore.’

Jason went back sadly, and told the heroes what he had heard.  And they
leapt on shore, and searched till dawn; and at dawn they found the body,
all rolled in dust and blood, among the corpses of those monstrous
beasts.  And they wept over their kind host, and laid him on a fair bed,
and heaped a huge mound over him, and offered black sheep at his tomb,
and Orpheus sang a magic song to him, that his spirit might have rest.
And then they held games at the tomb, after the custom of those times,
and Jason gave prizes to each winner.  To Ancæus he gave a golden cup,
for he wrestled best of all; and to Heracles a silver one, for he was the
strongest of all; and to Castor, who rode best, a golden crest; and
Polydeuces the boxer had a rich carpet, and to Orpheus for his song a
sandal with golden wings.  But Jason himself was the best of all the
archers, and the Minuai crowned him with an olive crown; and so, the
songs say, the soul of good Cyzicus was appeased and the heroes went on
their way in peace.

But when Cyzicus’ wife heard that he was dead she died likewise of grief;
and her tears became a fountain of clear water, which flows the whole
year round.

Then they rowed away, the songs say, along the Mysian shore, and past the
mouth of Rhindacus, till they found a pleasant bay, sheltered by the long
ridges of Arganthus, and by high walls of basalt rock.  And there they
ran the ship ashore upon the yellow sand, and furled the sail, and took
the mast down, and lashed it in its crutch.  And next they let down the
ladder, and went ashore to sport and rest.

And there Heracles went away into the woods, bow in hand, to hunt wild
deer; and Hylas the fair boy slipt away after him, and followed him by
stealth, until he lost himself among the glens, and sat down weary to
rest himself by the side of a lake; and there the water nymphs came up to
look at him, and loved him, and carried him down under the lake to be
their playfellow, for ever happy and young.  And Heracles sought for him
in vain, shouting his name till all the mountains rang; but Hylas never
heard him, far down under the sparkling lake.  So while Heracles wandered
searching for him, a fair breeze sprang up, and Heracles was nowhere to
be found; and the _Argo_ sailed away, and Heracles was left behind, and
never saw the noble Phasian stream.

Then the Minuai came to a doleful land, where Amycus the giant ruled, and
cared nothing for the laws of Zeus, but challenged all strangers to box
with him, and those whom he conquered he slew.  But Polydeuces the boxer
struck him a harder blow than he ever felt before, and slew him; and the
Minuai went on up the Bosphorus, till they came to the city of Phineus,
the fierce Bithynian king; for Zetes and Calais bade Jason land there,
because they had a work to do.

And they went up from the shore toward the city, through forests white
with snow; and Phineus came out to meet them with a lean and woful face,
and said, ‘Welcome, gallant heroes, to the land of bitter blasts, the
land of cold and misery; yet I will feast you as best I can.’  And he led
them in, and set meat before them; but before they could put their hands
to their mouths, down came two fearful monsters, the like of whom man
never saw; for they had the faces and the hair of fair maidens, but the
wings and claws of hawks; and they snatched the meat from off the table,
and flew shrieking out above the roofs.

Then Phineus beat his breast and cried, ‘These are the Harpies, whose
names are the Whirlwind and the Swift, the daughters of Wonder and of the
Amber-nymph, and they rob us night and day.  They carried off the
daughters of Pandareus, whom all the Gods had blest; for Aphrodite fed
them on Olympus with honey and milk and wine; and Hera gave them beauty
and wisdom, and Athené skill in all the arts; but when they came to their
wedding, the Harpies snatched them both away, and gave them to be slaves
to the Erinnues, and live in horror all their days.  And now they haunt
me, and my people, and the Bosphorus, with fearful storms; and sweep away
our food from off our tables, so that we starve in spite of all our
wealth.’

Then up rose Zetes and Calais, the winged sons of the North-wind, and
said, ‘Do you not know us, Phineus, and these wings which grow upon our
backs?’  And Phineus hid his face in terror; but he answered not a word.

‘Because you have been a traitor, Phineus, the Harpies haunt you night
and day.  Where is Cleopatra our sister, your wife, whom you keep in
prison? and where are her two children, whom you blinded in your rage, at
the bidding of an evil woman, and cast them out upon the rocks?  Swear to
us that you will right our sister, and cast out that wicked woman; and
then we will free you from your plague, and drive the whirlwind maidens
to the south; but if not, we will put out your eyes, as you put out the
eyes of your own sons.’

Then Phineus swore an oath to them, and drove out the wicked woman; and
Jason took those two poor children, and cured their eyes with magic
herbs.

But Zetes and Calais rose up sadly and said, ‘Farewell now, heroes all;
farewell, our dear companions, with whom we played on Pelion in old
times; for a fate is laid upon us, and our day is come at last, in which
we must hunt the whirlwinds over land and sea for ever; and if we catch
them they die, and if not, we die ourselves.’

At that all the heroes wept; but the two young men sprang up, and aloft
into the air after the Harpies, and the battle of the winds began.

The heroes trembled in silence as they heard the shrieking of the blasts;
while the palace rocked and all the city, and great stones were torn from
the crags, and the forest pines were hurled earthward, north and south
and east and west, and the Bosphorus boiled white with foam, and the
clouds were dashed against the cliffs.

But at last the battle ended, and the Harpies fled screaming toward the
south, and the sons of the North-wind rushed after them, and brought
clear sunshine where they passed.  For many a league they followed them,
over all the isles of the Cyclades, and away to the south-west across
Hellas, till they came to the Ionian Sea, and there they fell upon the
Echinades, at the mouth of the Achelous; and those isles were called the
Whirlwind Isles for many a hundred years.  But what became of Zetes and
Calais I know not, for the heroes never saw them again: and some say that
Heracles met them, and quarrelled with them, and slew them with his
arrows; and some say that they fell down from weariness and the heat of
the summer sun, and that the Sun-god buried them among the Cyclades, in
the pleasant Isle of Tenos; and for many hundred years their grave was
shown there, and over it a pillar, which turned to every wind.  But those
dark storms and whirlwinds haunt the Bosphorus until this day.

But the Argonauts went eastward, and out into the open sea, which we now
call the Black Sea, but it was called the Euxine then.  No Hellen had
ever crossed it, and all feared that dreadful sea, and its rocks, and
shoals, and fogs, and bitter freezing storms; and they told strange
stories of it, some false and some half-true, how it stretched northward
to the ends of the earth, and the sluggish Putrid Sea, and the
everlasting night, and the regions of the dead.  So the heroes trembled,
for all their courage, as they came into that wild Black Sea, and saw it
stretching out before them, without a shore, as far as eye could see.

And first Orpheus spoke, and warned them, ‘We shall come now to the
wandering blue rocks; my mother warned me of them, Calliope, the immortal
muse.’

And soon they saw the blue rocks shining like spires and castles of gray
glass, while an ice-cold wind blew from them and chilled all the heroes’
hearts.  And as they neared they could see them heaving, as they rolled
upon the long sea-waves, crashing and grinding together, till the roar
went up to heaven.  The sea sprang up in spouts between them, and swept
round them in white sheets of foam; but their heads swung nodding high in
air, while the wind whistled shrill among the crags.

The heroes’ hearts sank within them, and they lay upon their oars in
fear; but Orpheus called to Tiphys the helmsman, ‘Between them we must
pass; so look ahead for an opening, and be brave, for Hera is with us.’
But Tiphys the cunning helmsman stood silent, clenching his teeth, till
he saw a heron come flying mast-high toward the rocks, and hover awhile
before them, as if looking for a passage through.  Then he cried, ‘Hera
has sent us a pilot; let us follow the cunning bird.’

Then the heron flapped to and fro a moment, till he saw a hidden gap, and
into it he rushed like an arrow, while the heroes watched what would
befall.

And the blue rocks clashed together as the bird fled swiftly through; but
they struck but a feather from his tail, and then rebounded apart at the
shock.

Then Tiphys cheered the heroes, and they shouted; and the oars bent like
withes beneath their strokes as they rushed between those toppling
ice-crags and the cold blue lips of death.  And ere the rocks could meet
again they had passed them, and were safe out in the open sea.

And after that they sailed on wearily along the Asian coast, by the Black
Cape and Thyneis, where the hot stream of Thymbris falls into the sea,
and Sangarius, whose waters float on the Euxine, till they came to Wolf
the river, and to Wolf the kindly king.  And there died two brave heroes,
Idmon and Tiphys the wise helmsman: one died of an evil sickness, and one
a wild boar slew.  So the heroes heaped a mound above them, and set upon
it an oar on high, and left them there to sleep together, on the far-off
Lycian shore.  But Idas killed the boar, and avenged Tiphys; and Ancaios
took the rudder and was helmsman, and steered them on toward the east.

And they went on past Sinope, and many a mighty river’s mouth, and past
many a barbarous tribe, and the cities of the Amazons, the warlike women
of the East, till all night they heard the clank of anvils and the roar
of furnace-blasts, and the forge-fires shone like sparks through the
darkness in the mountain glens aloft; for they were come to the shores of
the Chalybes, the smiths who never tire, but serve Ares the cruel
War-god, forging weapons day and night.

And at day-dawn they looked eastward, and midway between the sea and the
sky they saw white snow-peaks hanging, glittering sharp and bright above
the clouds.  And they knew that they were come to Caucasus, at the end of
all the earth: Caucasus the highest of all mountains, the father of the
rivers of the East.  On his peak lies chained the Titan, while a vulture
tears his heart; and at his feet are piled dark forests round the magic
Colchian land.

And they rowed three days to the eastward, while Caucasus rose higher
hour by hour, till they saw the dark stream of Phasis rushing headlong to
the sea, and, shining above the tree-tops, the golden roofs of King
Aietes, the child of the Sun.

Then out spoke Ancaios the helmsman, ‘We are come to our goal at last,
for there are the roofs of Aietes, and the woods where all poisons grow;
but who can tell us where among them is hid the golden fleece?  Many a
toil must we bear ere we find it, and bring it home to Greece.’

But Jason cheered the heroes, for his heart was high and bold; and he
said, ‘I will go alone up to Aietes, though he be the child of the Sun,
and win him with soft words.  Better so than to go altogether, and to
come to blows at once.’  But the Minuai would not stay behind, so they
rowed boldly up the stream.

And a dream came to Aietes, and filled his heart with fear.  He thought
he saw a shining star, which fell into his daughter’s lap; and that
Medeia his daughter took it gladly, and carried it to the river-side, and
cast it in, and there the whirling river bore it down, and out into the
Euxine Sea.

Then he leapt up in fear, and bade his servants bring his chariot, that
he might go down to the river-side and appease the nymphs, and the heroes
whose spirits haunt the bank.  So he went down in his golden chariot, and
his daughters by his side, Medeia the fair witch-maiden, and Chalciope,
who had been Phrixus’ wife, and behind him a crowd of servants and
soldiers, for he was a rich and mighty prince.

And as he drove down by the reedy river he saw _Argo_ sliding up beneath
the bank, and many a hero in her, like Immortals for beauty and for
strength, as their weapons glittered round them in the level morning
sunlight, through the white mist of the stream.  But Jason was the
noblest of all; for Hera, who loved him, gave him beauty and tallness and
terrible manhood.

And when they came near together and looked into each other’s eyes the
heroes were awed before Aietes as he shone in his chariot, like his
father the glorious Sun; for his robes were of rich gold tissue, and the
rays of his diadem flashed fire; and in his hand he bore a jewelled
sceptre, which glittered like the stars; and sternly he looked at them
under his brows, and sternly he spoke and loud—

‘Who are you, and what want you here, that you come to the shore of
Cutaia?  Do you take no account of my rule, nor of my people the
Colchians who serve me, who never tired yet in the battle, and know well
how to face an invader?’

And the heroes sat silent awhile before the face of that ancient king.
But Hera the awful goddess put courage into Jason’s heart, and he rose
and shouted loudly in answer, ‘We are no pirates nor lawless men.  We
come not to plunder and to ravage, or carry away slaves from your land;
but my uncle, the son of Poseidon, Pelias the Minuan king, he it is who
has set me on a quest to bring home the golden fleece.  And these too, my
bold comrades, they are no nameless men; for some are the sons of
Immortals, and some of heroes far renowned.  And we too never tire in
battle, and know well how to give blows and to take: yet we wish to be
guests at your table: it will be better so for both.’

Then Aietes’ race rushed up like a whirlwind, and his eyes flashed fire
as he heard; but he crushed his anger down in his breast, and spoke
mildly a cunning speech—

‘If you will fight for the fleece with my Colchians, then many a man must
die.  But do you indeed expect to win from me the fleece in fight?  So
few you are that if you be worsted I can load your ship with your
corpses.  But if you will be ruled by me, you will find it better far to
choose the best man among you, and let him fulfil the labours which I
demand.  Then I will give him the golden fleece for a prize and a glory
to you all.’

So saying, he turned his horses and drove back in silence to the town.
And the Minuai sat silent with sorrow, and longed for Heracles and his
strength; for there was no facing the thousands of the Colchians and the
fearful chance of war.

But Chalciope, Phrixus’ widow, went weeping to the town; for she
remembered her Minuan husband, and all the pleasures of her youth, while
she watched the fair faces of his kinsmen, and their long locks of golden
hair.  And she whispered to Medeia her sister, ‘Why should all these
brave men die? why does not my father give them up the fleece, that my
husband’s spirit may have rest?’

And Medeia’s heart pitied the heroes, and Jason most of all; and she
answered, ‘Our father is stern and terrible, and who can win the golden
fleece?’  But Chalciope said, ‘These men are not like our men; there is
nothing which they cannot dare nor do.’

And Medeia thought of Jason and his brave countenance, and said, ‘If
there was one among them who knew no fear, I could show him how to win
the fleece.’

So in the dusk of evening they went down to the river-side, Chalciope and
Medeia the witch-maiden, and Argus, Phrixus’ son.  And Argus the boy
crept forward, among the beds of reeds, till he came where the heroes
were sleeping, on the thwarts of the ship, beneath the bank, while Jason
kept ward on shore, and leant upon his lance full of thought.  And the
boy came to Jason, and said—

‘I am the son of Phrixus, your Cousin; and Chalciope my mother waits for
you, to talk about the golden fleece.’

Then Jason went boldly with the boy, and found the two princesses
standing; and when Chalciope saw him she wept, and took his hands, and
cried—‘O cousin of my beloved, go home before you die!’

‘It would be base to go home now, fair princess, and to have sailed all
these seas in vain.’  Then both the princesses besought him; but Jason
said, ‘It is too late.’

‘But you know not,’ said Medeia, ‘what he must do who would win the
fleece.  He must tame the two brazen-footed bulls, who breathe devouring
flame; and with them he must plough ere nightfall four acres in the field
of Ares; and he must sow them with serpents’ teeth, of which each tooth
springs up into an armed man.  Then he must fight with all those
warriors; and little will it profit him to conquer them, for the fleece
is guarded by a serpent, more huge than any mountain pine; and over his
body you must step if you would reach the golden fleece.’

Then Jason laughed bitterly.  ‘Unjustly is that fleece kept here, and by
an unjust and lawless king; and unjustly shall I die in my youth, for I
will attempt it ere another sun be set.’

Then Medeia trembled, and said, ‘No mortal man can reach that fleece
unless I guide him through.  For round it, beyond the river, is a wall
full nine ells high, with lofty towers and buttresses, and mighty gates
of threefold brass; and over the gates the wall is arched, with golden
battlements above.  And over the gateway sits Brimo, the wild
witch-huntress of the woods, brandishing a pine-torch in her hands, while
her mad hounds howl around.  No man dare meet her or look on her, but
only I her priestess, and she watches far and wide lest any stranger
should come near.’

‘No wall so high but it may be climbed at last, and no wood so thick but
it may be crawled through; no serpent so wary but he may be charmed, or
witch-queen so fierce but spells may soothe her; and I may yet win the
golden fleece, if a wise maiden help bold men.’

And he looked at Medeia cunningly, and held her with his glittering eye,
till she blushed and trembled, and said—

‘Who can face the fire of the bulls’ breath, and fight ten thousand armed
men?’

‘He whom you help,’ said Jason, flattering her, ‘for your fame is spread
over all the earth.  Are you not the queen of all enchantresses, wiser
even than your sister Circe, in her fairy island in the West?’

‘Would that I were with my sister Circe in her fairy island in the West,
far away from sore temptation and thoughts which tear the heart!  But if
it must be so—for why should you die?—I have an ointment here; I made it
from the magic ice-flower which sprang from Prometheus’ wound, above the
clouds on Caucasus, in the dreary fields of snow.  Anoint yourself with
that, and you shall have in you seven men’s strength; and anoint your
shield with it, and neither fire nor sword can harm you.  But what you
begin you must end before sunset, for its virtue lasts only one day.  And
anoint your helmet with it before you sow the serpents’ teeth; and when
the sons of earth spring up, cast your helmet among their ranks, and the
deadly crop of the War-god’s field will mow itself, and perish.’

Then Jason fell on his knees before her, and thanked her and kissed her
hands; and she gave him the vase of ointment, and fled trembling through
the reeds.  And Jason told his comrades what had happened, and showed
them the box of ointment; and all rejoiced but Idas, and he grew mad with
envy.

And at sunrise Jason went and bathed, and anointed himself from head to
foot, and his shield, and his helmet, and his weapons, and bade his
comrades try the spell.  So they tried to bend his lance, but it stood
like an iron bar; and Idas in spite hewed at it with his sword, but the
blade flew to splinters in his face.  Then they hurled their lances at
his shield, but the spear-points turned like lead; and Caineus tried to
throw him, but he never stirred a foot; and Polydeuces struck him with
his fist a blow which would have killed an ox, but Jason only smiled, and
the heroes danced about him with delight; and he leapt, and ran, and
shouted in the joy of that enormous strength, till the sun rose, and it
was time to go and to claim Aietes’ promise.

So he sent up Telamon and Aithalides to tell Aietes that he was ready for
the fight; and they went up among the marble walls, and beneath the roofs
of gold, and stood in Aietes’ hall, while he grew pale with rage.

‘Fulfil your promise to us, child of the blazing Sun.  Give us the
serpents’ teeth, and let loose the fiery bulls; for we have found a
champion among us who can win the golden fleece.’

And Aietes bit his lips, for he fancied that they had fled away by night:
but he could not go back from his promise; so he gave them the serpents’
teeth.

Then he called for his chariot and his horses, and sent heralds through
all the town; and all the people went out with him to the dreadful
War-god’s field.

And there Aietes sat upon his throne, with his warriors on each hand,
thousands and tens of thousands, clothed from head to foot in steel
chain-mail.  And the people and the women crowded to every window and
bank and wall; while the Minuai stood together, a mere handful in the
midst of that great host.

And Chalciope was there and Argus, trembling, and Medeia, wrapped closely
in her veil; but Aietes did not know that she was muttering cunning
spells between her lips.

Then Jason cried, ‘Fulfil your promise, and let your fiery bulls come
forth.’

Then Aietes bade open the gates, and the magic bulls leapt out.  Their
brazen hoofs rang upon the ground, and their nostrils sent out sheets of
flame, as they rushed with lowered heads upon Jason; but he never
flinched a step.  The flame of their breath swept round him, but it
singed not a hair of his head; and the bulls stopped short and trembled
when Medeia began her spell.

Then Jason sprang upon the nearest and seized him by the horn; and up and
down they wrestled, till the bull fell grovelling on his knees; for the
heart of the brute died within him, and his mighty limbs were loosed,
beneath the steadfast eye of that dark witch-maiden and the magic whisper
of her lips.

So both the bulls were tamed and yoked; and Jason bound them to the
plough, and goaded them onward with his lance till he had ploughed the
sacred field.

And all the Minuai shouted; but Aietes bit his lips with rage, for the
half of Jason’s work was over, and the sun was yet high in heaven.

Then he took the serpents’ teeth and sowed them, and waited what would
befall.  But Medeia looked at him and at his helmet, lest he should
forget the lesson she had taught.

And every furrow heaved and bubbled, and out of every clod arose a man.
Out of the earth they rose by thousands, each clad from head to foot in
steel, and drew their swords and rushed on Jason, where he stood in the
midst alone.

Then the Minuai grew pale with fear for him; but Aietes laughed a bitter
laugh.  ‘See! if I had not warriors enough already round me, I could call
them out of the bosom of the earth.’

But Jason snatched off his helmet, and hurled it into the thickest of the
throng.  And blind madness came upon them, suspicion, hate, and fear; and
one cried to his fellow, ‘Thou didst strike me!’ and another, ‘Thou art
Jason; thou shalt die!’  So fury seized those earth-born phantoms, and
each turned his hand against the rest; and they fought and were never
weary, till they all lay dead upon the ground.  Then the magic furrows
opened, and the kind earth took them home into her breast and the grass
grew up all green again above them, and Jason’s work was done.

Then the Minuai rose and shouted, till Prometheus heard them from his
crag.  And Jason cried, ‘Lead me to the fleece this moment, before the
sun goes down.’

But Aietes thought, ‘He has conquered the bulls, and sown and reaped the
deadly crop.  Who is this who is proof against all magic?  He may kill
the serpent yet.’  So he delayed, and sat taking counsel with his princes
till the sun went down and all was dark.  Then he bade a herald cry,
‘Every man to his home for to-night.  To-morrow we will meet these
heroes, and speak about the golden fleece.’

Then he turned and looked at Medeia.  ‘This is your doing, false
witch-maid!  You have helped these yellow-haired strangers, and brought
shame upon your father and yourself!’

Medeia shrank and trembled, and her face grew pale with fear; and Aietes
knew that she was guilty, and whispered, ‘If they win the fleece, you
die!’

But the Minuai marched toward their ship, growling like lions cheated of
their prey; for they saw that Aietes meant to mock them, and to cheat
them out of all their toil.  And Oileus said, ‘Let us go to the grove
together, and take the fleece by force.’

And Idas the rash cried, ‘Let us draw lots who shall go in first; for,
while the dragon is devouring one, the rest can slay him and carry off
the fleece in peace.’  But Jason held them back, though he praised them;
for he hoped for Medeia’s help.

And after awhile Medeia came trembling, and wept a long while before she
spoke.  And at last—

‘My end is come, and I must die; for my father has found out that I have
helped you.  You he would kill if he dared; but he will not harm you,
because you have been his guests.  Go then, go, and remember poor Medeia
when you are far away across the sea.’  But all the heroes cried—

‘If you die, we die with you; for without you we cannot win the fleece,
and home we will not go without it, but fall here fighting to the last
man.’

‘You need not die,’ said Jason.  ‘Flee home with us across the sea.  Show
us first how to win the fleece; for you can do it.  Why else are you the
priestess of the grove?  Show us but how to win the fleece, and come with
us, and you shall be my queen, and rule over the rich princes of the
Minuai, in Iolcos by the sea.’

And all the heroes pressed round, and vowed to her that she should be
their queen.

Medeia wept, and shuddered, and hid her face in her hands; for her heart
yearned after her sisters and her playfellows, and the home where she was
brought up as a child.  But at last she looked up at Jason, and spoke
between her sobs—

‘Must I leave my home and my people, to wander with strangers across the
sea?  The lot is cast, and I must endure it.  I will show you how to win
the golden fleece.  Bring up your ship to the wood-side, and moor her
there against the bank; and let Jason come up at midnight, and one brave
comrade with him, and meet me beneath the wall.’

Then all the heroes cried together, ‘I will go!’ ‘and I!’ ‘and I!’  And
Idas the rash grew mad with envy; for he longed to be foremost in all
things.  But Medeia calmed them, and said, ‘Orpheus shall go with Jason,
and bring his magic harp; for I hear of him that he is the king of all
minstrels, and can charm all things on earth.’

And Orpheus laughed for joy, and clapped his hands, because the choice
had fallen on him; for in those days poets and singers were as bold
warriors as the best.

So at midnight they went up the bank, and found Medeia; and beside came
Absyrtus her young brother, leading a yearling lamb.

Then Medeia brought them to a thicket beside the War-god’s gate; and
there she bade Jason dig a ditch, and kill the lamb, and leave it there,
and strew on it magic herbs and honey from the honeycomb.

Then sprang up through the earth, with the red fire flashing before her,
Brimo the wild witch-huntress, while her mad hounds howled around.  She
had one head like a horse’s, and another like a ravening hound’s, and
another like a hissing snake’s, and a sword in either hand.  And she
leapt into the ditch with her hounds, and they ate and drank their fill,
while Jason and Orpheus trembled, and Medeia hid her eyes.  And at last
the witch-queen vanished, and fled with her hounds into the woods; and
the bars of the gates fell down, and the brazen doors flew wide, and
Medeia and the heroes ran forward and hurried through the poison wood,
among the dark stems of the mighty beeches, guided by the gleam of the
golden fleece, until they saw it hanging on one vast tree in the midst.
And Jason would have sprung to seize it; but Medeia held him back, and
pointed, shuddering, to the tree-foot, where the mighty serpent lay,
coiled in and out among the roots, with a body like a mountain pine.  His
coils stretched many a fathom, spangled with bronze and gold; and half of
him they could see, but no more, for the rest lay in the darkness far
beyond.

And when he saw them coming he lifted up his head, and watched them with
his small bright eyes, and flashed his forked tongue, and roared like the
fire among the woodlands, till the forest tossed and groaned.  For his
cries shook the trees from leaf to root, and swept over the long reaches
of the river, and over Aietes’ hall, and woke the sleepers in the city,
till mothers clasped their children in their fear.

But Medeia called gently to him, and he stretched out his long spotted
neck, and licked her hand, and looked up in her face, as if to ask for
food.  Then she made a sign to Orpheus, and he began his magic song.

And as he sung, the forest grew calm again, and the leaves on every tree
hung still; and the serpent’s head sank down, and his brazen coils grew
limp, and his glittering eyes closed lazily, till he breathed as gently
as a child, while Orpheus called to pleasant Slumber, who gives peace to
men, and beasts, and waves.

                    [Picture: Jason takes the fleece]

Then Jason leapt forward warily, and stept across that mighty snake, and
tore the fleece from off the tree-trunk; and the four rushed down the
garden, to the bank where the _Argo_ lay.

There was a silence for a moment, while Jason held the golden fleece on
high.  Then he cried, ‘Go now, good _Argo_, swift and steady, if ever you
would see Pelion more.’

And she went, as the heroes drove her, grim and silent all, with muffled
oars, till the pine-wood bent like willow in their hands, and stout
_Argo_ groaned beneath their strokes.

On and on, beneath the dewy darkness, they fled swiftly down the swirling
stream; underneath black walls, and temples, and the castles of the
princes of the East; past sluice-mouths, and fragrant gardens, and groves
of all strange fruits; past marshes where fat kine lay sleeping, and long
beds of whispering reeds; till they heard the merry music of the surge
upon the bar, as it tumbled in the moonlight all alone.

Into the surge they rushed, and _Argo_ leapt the breakers like a horse;
for she knew the time was come to show her mettle, and win honour for the
heroes and herself.

Into the surge they rushed, and _Argo_ leapt the breakers like a horse,
till the heroes stopped all panting, each man upon his oar, as she slid
into the still broad sea.

Then Orpheus took his harp and sang a pæan, till the heroes’ hearts rose
high again; and they rowed on stoutly and steadfastly, away into the
darkness of the West.



PART V
HOW THE ARGONAUTS WERE DRIVEN INTO THE UNKNOWN SEA


So they fled away in haste to the westward; but Aietes manned his fleet
and followed them.  And Lynceus the quick-eyed saw him coming, while he
was still many a mile away, and cried, ‘I see a hundred ships, like a
flock of white swans, far in the east.’  And at that they rowed hard,
like heroes; but the ships came nearer every hour.

Then Medeia, the dark witch-maiden, laid a cruel and a cunning plot; for
she killed Absyrtus her young brother, and cast him into the sea, and
said, ‘Ere my father can take up his corpse and bury it, he must wait
long, and be left far behind.’

And all the heroes shuddered, and looked one at the other for shame; yet
they did not punish that dark witch-woman, because she had won for them
the golden fleece.

And when Aietes came to the place he saw the floating corpse; and he
stopped a long while, and bewailed his son, and took him up, and went
home.  But he sent on his sailors toward the westward, and bound them by
a mighty curse—‘Bring back to me that dark witch-woman, that she may die
a dreadful death.  But if you return without her, you shall die by the
same death yourselves.’

So the Argonauts escaped for that time: but Father Zeus saw that foul
crime; and out of the heavens he sent a storm, and swept the ship far
from her course.  Day after day the storm drove her, amid foam and
blinding mist, till they knew no longer where they were, for the sun was
blotted from the skies.  And at last the ship struck on a shoal, amid low
isles of mud and sand, and the waves rolled over her and through her, and
the heroes lost all hope of life.

Then Jason cried to Hera, ‘Fair queen, who hast befriended us till now,
why hast thou left us in our misery, to die here among unknown seas?  It
is hard to lose the honour which we have won with such toil and danger,
and hard never to see Hellas again, and the pleasant bay of Pagasai.’

Then out and spoke the magic bough which stood upon the _Argo’s_ beak,
‘Because Father Zeus is angry, all this has fallen on you; for a cruel
crime has been done on board, and the sacred ship is foul with blood.’

At that some of the heroes cried, ‘Medeia is the murderess.  Let the
witch-woman bear her sin, and die!’  And they seized Medeia, to hurl her
into the sea, and atone for the young boy’s death; but the magic bough
spoke again, ‘Let her live till her crimes are full.  Vengeance waits for
her, slow and sure; but she must live, for you need her still.  She must
show you the way to her sister Circe, who lives among the islands of the
West.  To her you must sail, a weary way, and she shall cleanse you from
your guilt.’

Then all the heroes wept aloud when they heard the sentence of the oak;
for they knew that a dark journey lay before them, and years of bitter
toil.  And some upbraided the dark witch-woman, and some said, ‘Nay, we
are her debtors still; without her we should never have won the fleece.’
But most of them bit their lips in silence, for they feared the witch’s
spells.

And now the sea grew calmer, and the sun shone out once more, and the
heroes thrust the ship off the sand-bank, and rowed forward on their
weary course under the guiding of the dark witch-maiden, into the wastes
of the unknown sea.

Whither they went I cannot tell, nor how they came to Circe’s isle.  Some
say that they went to the westward, and up the Ister {130a} stream, and
so came into the Adriatic, dragging their ship over the snowy Alps.  And
others say that they went southward, into the Red Indian Sea, and past
the sunny lands where spices grow, round Æthiopia toward the West; and
that at last they came to Libya, and dragged their ship across the
burning sands, and over the hills into the Syrtes, where the flats and
quicksands spread for many a mile, between rich Cyrene and the
Lotus-eaters’ shore.  But all these are but dreams and fables, and dim
hints of unknown lands.

But all say that they came to a place where they had to drag their ship
across the land nine days with ropes and rollers, till they came into an
unknown sea.  And the best of all the old songs tells us how they went
away toward the North, till they came to the slope of Caucasus, where it
sinks into the sea; and to the narrow Cimmerian Bosphorus, {130b} where
the Titan swam across upon the bull; and thence into the lazy waters of
the still Mæotid lake. {130c}  And thence they went northward ever, up
the Tanais, which we call Don, past the Geloni and Sauromatai, and many a
wandering shepherd-tribe, and the one-eyed Arimaspi, of whom old Greek
poets tell, who steal the gold from the Griffins, in the cold Riphaian
hills. {131a}

And they passed the Scythian archers, and the Tauri who eat men, and the
wandering Hyperboreai, who feed their flocks beneath the pole-star, until
they came into the northern ocean, the dull dead Cronian Sea. {131b}  And
there _Argo_ would move on no longer; and each man clasped his elbow, and
leaned his head upon his hand, heart-broken with toil and hunger, and
gave himself up to death.  But brave Ancaios the helmsman cheered up
their hearts once more, and bade them leap on land, and haul the ship
with ropes and rollers for many a weary day, whether over land, or mud,
or ice, I know not, for the song is mixed and broken like a dream.  And
it says next, how they came to the rich nation of the famous long-lived
men; and to the coast of the Cimmerians, who never saw the sun, buried
deep in the glens of the snow mountains; and to the fair land of
Hermione, where dwelt the most righteous of all nations; and to the gates
of the world below, and to the dwelling-place of dreams.

And at last Ancaios shouted, ‘Endure a little while, brave friends, the
worst is surely past; for I can see the pure west wind ruffle the water,
and hear the roar of ocean on the sands.  So raise up the mast, and set
the sail, and face what comes like men.’

Then out spoke the magic bough, ‘Ah, would that I had perished long ago,
and been whelmed by the dread blue rocks, beneath the fierce swell of the
Euxine!  Better so, than to wander for ever, disgraced by the guilt of my
princes; for the blood of Absyrtus still tracks me, and woe follows hard
upon woe.  And now some dark horror will clutch me, if I come near the
Isle of Ierne. {132}  Unless you will cling to the land, and sail
southward and southward for ever, I shall wander beyond the Atlantic, to
the ocean which has no shore.’

Then they blest the magic bough, and sailed southward along the land.
But ere they could pass Ierne, the land of mists and storms, the wild
wind came down, dark and roaring, and caught the sail, and strained the
ropes.  And away they drove twelve nights, on the wide wild western sea,
through the foam, and over the rollers, while they saw neither sun nor
stars.  And they cried again, ‘We shall perish, for we know not where we
are.  We are lost in the dreary damp darkness, and cannot tell north from
south.’

But Lynceus the long-sighted called gaily from the bows, ‘Take heart
again, brave sailors; for I see a pine-clad isle, and the halls of the
kind Earth-mother, with a crown of clouds around them.’

But Orpheus said, ‘Turn from them, for no living man can land there:
there is no harbour on the coast, but steep-walled cliffs all round.’

So Ancaios turned the ship away; and for three days more they sailed on,
till they came to Aiaia, Circe’s home, and the fairy island of the West.
{133}

And there Jason bid them land, and seek about for any sign of living man.
And as they went inland Circe met them, coming down toward the ship; and
they trembled when they saw her, for her hair, and face, and robes shone
like flame.

And she came and looked at Medeia; and Medeia hid her face beneath her
veil.

And Circe cried, ‘Ah, wretched girl, have you forgotten all your sins,
that you come hither to my island, where the flowers bloom all the year
round?  Where is your aged father, and the brother whom you killed?
Little do I expect you to return in safety with these strangers whom you
love.  I will send you food and wine: but your ship must not stay here,
for it is foul with sin, and foul with sin its crew.’

And the heroes prayed her, but in vain, and cried, ‘Cleanse us from our
guilt!’ But she sent them away, and said, ‘Go on to Malea, and there you
may be cleansed, and return home.’

Then a fair wind rose, and they sailed eastward by Tartessus on the
Iberian shore, till they came to the Pillars of Hercules, and the
Mediterranean Sea.  And thence they sailed on through the deeps of
Sardinia, and past the Ausonian islands, and the capes of the Tyrrhenian
shore, till they came to a flowery island, upon a still bright summer’s
eve.  And as they neared it, slowly and wearily, they heard sweet songs
upon the shore.  But when Medeia heard it, she started, and cried,
‘Beware, all heroes, for these are the rocks of the Sirens.  You must
pass close by them, for there is no other channel; but those who listen
to that song are lost.’

Then Orpheus spoke, the king of all minstrels, ‘Let them match their song
against mine.  I have charmed stones, and trees, and dragons, how much
more the hearts of men!’  So he caught up his lyre, and stood upon the
poop, and began his magic song.

And now they could see the Sirens on Anthemousa, the flowery isle; three
fair maidens sitting on the beach, beneath a red rock in the setting sun,
among beds of crimson poppies and golden asphodel.  Slowly they sung and
sleepily, with silver voices, mild and clear, which stole over the golden
waters, and into the hearts of all the heroes, in spite of Orpheus’ song.

And all things stayed around and listened; the gulls sat in white lines
along the rocks; on the beach great seals lay basking, and kept time with
lazy heads; while silver shoals of fish came up to hearken, and whispered
as they broke the shining calm.  The Wind overhead hushed his whistling,
as he shepherded his clouds toward the west; and the clouds stood in mid
blue, and listened dreaming, like a flock of golden sheep.

And as the heroes listened, the oars fell from their hands, and their
heads drooped on their breasts, and they closed their heavy eyes; and
they dreamed of bright still gardens, and of slumbers under murmuring
pines, till all their toil seemed foolishness, and they thought of their
renown no more.

Then one lifted his head suddenly, and cried, ‘What use in wandering for
ever?  Let us stay here and rest awhile.’  And another, ‘Let us row to
the shore, and hear the words they sing.’  And another, ‘I care not for
the words, but for the music.  They shall sing me to sleep, that I may
rest.’

And Butes, the son of Pandion, the fairest of all mortal men, leapt out
and swam toward the shore, crying, ‘I come, I come, fair maidens, to live
and die here, listening to your song.’

Then Medeia clapped her hands together, and cried, ‘Sing louder, Orpheus,
sing a bolder strain; wake up these hapless sluggards, or none of them
will see the land of Hellas more.’

Then Orpheus lifted his harp, and crashed his cunning hand across the
strings; and his music and his voice rose like a trumpet through the
still evening air; into the air it rushed like thunder, till the rocks
rang and the sea; and into their souls it rushed like wine, till all
hearts beat fast within their breasts.

And he sung the song of Perseus, how the Gods led him over land and sea,
and how he slew the loathly Gorgon, and won himself a peerless bride; and
how he sits now with the Gods upon Olympus, a shining star in the sky,
immortal with his immortal bride, and honoured by all men below.

So Orpheus sang, and the Sirens, answering each other across the golden
sea, till Orpheus’ voice drowned the Sirens’, and the heroes caught their
oars again.

And they cried, ‘We will be men like Perseus, and we will dare and suffer
to the last.  Sing us his song again, brave Orpheus, that we may forget
the Sirens and their spell.’

And as Orpheus sang, they dashed their oars into the sea, and kept time
to his music, as they fled fast away; and the Sirens’ voices died behind
them, in the hissing of the foam along their wake.

But Butes swam to the shore, and knelt down before the Sirens, and cried,
‘Sing on! sing on!’  But he could say no more, for a charmed sleep came
over him, and a pleasant humming in his ears; and he sank all along upon
the pebbles, and forgot all heaven and earth, and never looked at that
sad beach around him, all strewn with the bones of men.

Then slowly rose up those three fair sisters, with a cruel smile upon
their lips; and slowly they crept down towards him, like leopards who
creep upon their prey; and their hands were like the talons of eagles as
they stept across the bones of their victims to enjoy their cruel feast.

But fairest Aphrodite saw him from the highest Idalian peak, and she
pitied his youth and his beauty, and leapt up from her golden throne; and
like a falling star she cleft the sky, and left a trail of glittering
light, till she stooped to the Isle of the Sirens, and snatched their
prey from their claws.  And she lifted Butes as he lay sleeping, and
wrapt him in golden mist; and she bore him to the peak of Lilybæum, and
he slept there many a pleasant year.

But when the Sirens saw that they were conquered, they shrieked for envy
and rage, and leapt from the beach into the sea, and were changed into
rocks until this day.

Then they came to the straits by Lilybæum, and saw Sicily, the
three-cornered island, under which Enceladus the giant lies groaning day
and night, and when he turns the earth quakes, and his breath bursts out
in roaring flames from the highest cone of Ætna, above the chestnut
woods.  And there Charybdis caught them in its fearful coils of wave, and
rolled mast-high about them, and spun them round and round; and they
could go neither back nor forward, while the whirlpool sucked them in.

And while they struggled they saw near them, on the other side the
strait, a rock stand in the water, with its peak wrapt round in clouds—a
rock which no man could climb, though he had twenty hands and feet, for
the stone was smooth and slippery, as if polished by man’s hand; and
halfway up a misty cave looked out toward the west.

And when Orpheus saw it he groaned, and struck his hands together.  And
‘Little will it help us,’ he cried, ‘to escape the jaws of the whirlpool;
for in that cave lives Scylla, the sea-hag with a young whelp’s voice; my
mother warned me of her ere we sailed away from Hellas; she has six
heads, and six long necks, and hides in that dark cleft.  And from her
cave she fishes for all things which pass by—for sharks, and seals, and
dolphins, and all the herds of Amphitrite.  And never ship’s crew boasted
that they came safe by her rock, for she bends her long necks down to
them, and every mouth takes up a man.  And who will help us now?  For
Hera and Zeus hate us, and our ship is foul with guilt; so we must die,
whatever befalls.’

Then out of the depths came Thetis, Peleus’ silver-footed bride, for love
of her gallant husband, and all her nymphs around her; and they played
like snow-white dolphins, diving on from wave to wave, before the ship,
and in her wake, and beside her, as dolphins play.  And they caught the
ship, and guided her, and passed her on from hand to hand, and tossed her
through the billows, as maidens toss the ball.  And when Scylla stooped
to seize her, they struck back her ravening heads, and foul Scylla
whined, as a whelp whines, at the touch of their gentle hands.  But she
shrank into her cave affrighted—for all bad things shrink from good—and
_Argo_ leapt safe past her, while a fair breeze rose behind.  Then Thetis
and her nymphs sank down to their coral caves beneath the sea, and their
gardens of green and purple, where live flowers bloom all the year round;
while the heroes went on rejoicing, yet dreading what might come next.

After that they rowed on steadily for many a weary day, till they saw a
long high island, and beyond it a mountain land.  And they searched till
they found a harbour, and there rowed boldly in.  But after awhile they
stopped, and wondered, for there stood a great city on the shore, and
temples and walls and gardens, and castles high in air upon the cliffs.
And on either side they saw a harbour, with a narrow mouth, but wide
within; and black ships without number, high and dry upon the shore.

Then Ancaios, the wise helmsman, spoke, ‘What new wonder is this?  I know
all isles, and harbours, and the windings of all seas; and this should be
Corcyra, where a few wild goat-herds dwell.  But whence come these new
harbours and vast works of polished stone?’

But Jason said, ‘They can be no savage people.  We will go in and take
our chance.’

So they rowed into the harbour, among a thousand black-beaked ships, each
larger far than _Argo_, toward a quay of polished stone.  And they
wondered at that mighty city, with its roofs of burnished brass, and long
and lofty walls of marble, with strong palisades above.  And the quays
were full of people, merchants, and mariners, and slaves, going to and
fro with merchandise among the crowd of ships.  And the heroes’ hearts
were humbled, and they looked at each other and said, ‘We thought
ourselves a gallant crew when we sailed from Iolcos by the sea; but how
small we look before this city, like an ant before a hive of bees.’

Then the sailors hailed them roughly from the quay, ‘What men are you?—we
want no strangers here, nor pirates.  We keep our business to ourselves.’

But Jason answered gently, with many a flattering word, and praised their
city and their harbour, and their fleet of gallant ships.  ‘Surely you
are the children of Poseidon, and the masters of the sea; and we are but
poor wandering mariners, worn out with thirst and toil.  Give us but food
and water, and we will go on our voyage in peace.’

Then the sailors laughed, and answered, ‘Stranger, you are no fool; you
talk like an honest man, and you shall find us honest too.  We are the
children of Poseidon, and the masters of the sea; but come ashore to us,
and you shall have the best that we can give.’

So they limped ashore, all stiff and weary, with long ragged beards and
sunburnt cheeks, and garments torn and weather-stained, and weapons
rusted with the spray, while the sailors laughed at them (for they were
rough-tongued, though their hearts were frank and kind).  And one said,
‘These fellows are but raw sailors; they look as if they had been
sea-sick all the day.’  And another, ‘Their legs have grown crooked with
much rowing, till they waddle in their walk like ducks.’

At that Idas the rash would have struck them; but Jason held him back,
till one of the merchant kings spoke to them, a tall and stately man.

‘Do not be angry, strangers; the sailor boys must have their jest.  But
we will treat you justly and kindly, for strangers and poor men come from
God; and you seem no common sailors by your strength, and height, and
weapons.  Come up with me to the palace of Alcinous, the rich sea-going
king, and we will feast you well and heartily; and after that you shall
tell us your name.’

But Medeia hung back, and trembled, and whispered in Jason’s ear, ‘We are
betrayed, and are going to our ruin, for I see my countrymen among the
crowd; dark-eyed Colchi in steel mail-shirts, such as they wear in my
father’s land.’

‘It is too late to turn,’ said Jason.  And he spoke to the merchant king,
‘What country is this, good sir; and what is this new-built town?’

‘This is the land of the Phæaces, beloved by all the Immortals; for they
come hither and feast like friends with us, and sit by our side in the
hall.  Hither we came from Liburnia to escape the unrighteous Cyclopes;
for they robbed us, peaceful merchants, of our hard-earned wares and
wealth.  So Nausithous, the son of Poseidon, brought us hither, and died
in peace; and now his son Alcinous rules us, and Arete the wisest of
queens.’

So they went up across the square, and wondered still more as they went;
for along the quays lay in order great cables, and yards, and masts,
before the fair temple of Poseidon, the blue-haired king of the seas.
And round the square worked the ship-wrights, as many in number as ants,
twining ropes, and hewing timber, and smoothing long yards and oars.  And
the Minuai went on in silence through clean white marble streets, till
they came to the hall of Alcinous, and they wondered then still more.
For the lofty palace shone aloft in the sun, with walls of plated brass,
from the threshold to the innermost chamber, and the doors were of silver
and gold.  And on each side of the doorway sat living dogs of gold, who
never grew old or died, so well Hephaistos had made them in his forges in
smoking Lemnos, and gave them to Alcinous to guard his gates by night.
And within, against the walls, stood thrones on either side, down the
whole length of the hall, strewn with rich glossy shawls; and on them the
merchant kings of those crafty sea-roving Phæaces sat eating and drinking
in pride, and feasting there all the year round.  And boys of molten gold
stood each on a polished altar, and held torches in their hands, to give
light all night to the guests.  And round the house sat fifty
maid-servants, some grinding the meal in the mill, some turning the
spindle, some weaving at the loom, while their hands twinkled as they
passed the shuttle, like quivering aspen leaves.

And outside before the palace a great garden was walled round, filled
full of stately fruit-trees, gray olives and sweet figs, and
pomegranates, pears, and apples, which bore the whole year round.  For
the rich south-west wind fed them, till pear grew ripe on pear, fig on
fig, and grape on grape, all the winter and the spring.  And at the
farther end gay flower-beds bloomed through all seasons of the year; and
two fair fountains rose, and ran, one through the garden grounds, and one
beneath the palace gate, to water all the town.  Such noble gifts the
heavens had given to Alcinous the wise.

So they went in, and saw him sitting, like Poseidon, on his throne, with
his golden sceptre by him, in garments stiff with gold, and in his hand a
sculptured goblet, as he pledged the merchant kings; and beside him stood
Arete, his wise and lovely queen, and leaned against a pillar as she spun
her golden threads.

Then Alcinous rose, and welcomed them, and bade them sit and eat; and the
servants brought them tables, and bread, and meat, and wine.

But Medeia went on trembling toward Arete the fair queen, and fell at her
knees, and clasped them, and cried, weeping, as she knelt—

‘I am your guest, fair queen, and I entreat you by Zeus, from whom
prayers come.  Do not send me back to my father to die some dreadful
death; but let me go my way, and bear my burden.  Have I not had enough
of punishment and shame?’

‘Who are you, strange maiden? and what is the meaning of your prayer?’

‘I am Medeia, daughter of Aietes, and I saw my countrymen here to-day;
and I know that they are come to find me, and take me home to die some
dreadful death.’

Then Arete frowned, and said, ‘Lead this girl in, my maidens; and let the
kings decide, not I.’

And Alcinous leapt up from his throne, and cried, ‘Speak, strangers, who
are you?  And who is this maiden?’

‘We are the heroes of the Minuai,’ said Jason; ‘and this maiden has
spoken truth.  We are the men who took the golden fleece, the men whose
fame has run round every shore.  We came hither out of the ocean, after
sorrows such as man never saw before.  We went out many, and come back
few, for many a noble comrade have we lost.  So let us go, as you should
let your guests go, in peace; that the world may say, “Alcinous is a just
king.”’

But Alcinous frowned, and stood deep in thought; and at last he spoke—

‘Had not the deed been done which is done, I should have said this day to
myself, “It is an honour to Alcinous, and to his children after him, that
the far-famed Argonauts are his guests.”  But these Colchi are my guests,
as you are; and for this month they have waited here with all their
fleet, for they have hunted all the seas of Hellas, and could not find
you, and dared neither go farther, nor go home.’

‘Let them choose out their champions, and we will fight them, man for
man.’

‘No guests of ours shall fight upon our island, and if you go outside
they will outnumber you.  I will do justice between you, for I know and
do what is right.’

Then he turned to his kings, and said, ‘This may stand over till
to-morrow.  To-night we will feast our guests, and hear the story of all
their wanderings, and how they came hither out of the ocean.’

So Alcinous bade the servants take the heroes in, and bathe them, and
give them clothes.  And they were glad when they saw the warm water, for
it was long since they had bathed.  And they washed off the sea-salt from
their limbs, and anointed themselves from head to foot with oil, and
combed out their golden hair.  Then they came back again into the hall,
while the merchant kings rose up to do them honour.  And each man said to
his neighbour, ‘No wonder that these men won fame.  How they stand now
like Giants, or Titans, or Immortals come down from Olympus, though many
a winter has worn them, and many a fearful storm.  What must they have
been when they sailed from Iolcos, in the bloom of their youth, long
ago?’

Then they went out to the garden; and the merchant princes said, ‘Heroes,
run races with us.  Let us see whose feet are nimblest.’

‘We cannot race against you, for our limbs are stiff from sea; and we
have lost our two swift comrades, the sons of the north wind.  But do not
think us cowards: if you wish to try our strength, we will shoot, and
box, and wrestle, against any men on earth.’

And Alcinous smiled, and answered, ‘I believe you, gallant guests; with
your long limbs and broad shoulders, we could never match you here.  For
we care nothing here for boxing, or for shooting with the bow; but for
feasts, and songs, and harping, and dancing, and running races, to
stretch our limbs on shore.’

So they danced there and ran races, the jolly merchant kings, till the
night fell, and all went in.

And then they ate and drank, and comforted their weary souls, till
Alcinous called a herald, and bade him go and fetch the harper.

The herald went out, and fetched the harper, and led him in by the hand;
and Alcinous cut him a piece of meat, from the fattest of the haunch, and
sent it to him, and said, ‘Sing to us, noble harper, and rejoice the
heroes’ hearts.’

So the harper played and sang, while the dancers danced strange figures;
and after that the tumblers showed their tricks, till the heroes laughed
again.

Then, ‘Tell me, heroes,’ asked Alcinous, ‘you who have sailed the ocean
round, and seen the manners of all nations, have you seen such dancers as
ours here, or heard such music and such singing?  We hold ours to be the
best on earth.’

‘Such dancing we have never seen,’ said Orpheus; ‘and your singer is a
happy man, for Phoebus himself must have taught him, or else he is the
son of a Muse, as I am also, and have sung once or twice, though not so
well as he.’

‘Sing to us, then, noble stranger,’ said Alcinous; ‘and we will give you
precious gifts.’

So Orpheus took his magic harp, and sang to them a stirring song of their
voyage from Iolcos, and their dangers, and how they won the golden
fleece; and of Medeia’s love, and how she helped them, and went with them
over land and sea; and of all their fearful dangers, from monsters, and
rocks, and storms, till the heart of Arete was softened, and all the
women wept.  And the merchant kings rose up, each man from off his golden
throne, and clapped their hands, and shouted, ‘Hail to the noble
Argonauts, who sailed the unknown sea!’

Then he went on, and told their journey over the sluggish northern main,
and through the shoreless outer ocean, to the fairy island of the west;
and of the Sirens, and Scylla, and Charybdis, and all the wonders they
had seen, till midnight passed and the day dawned; but the kings never
thought of sleep.  Each man sat still and listened, with his chin upon
his hand.

And at last, when Orpheus had ended, they all went thoughtful out, and
the heroes lay down to sleep, beneath the sounding porch outside, where
Arete had strewn them rugs and carpets, in the sweet still summer night.

But Arete pleaded hard with her husband for Medeia, for her heart was
softened.  And she said, ‘The Gods will punish her, not we.  After all,
she is our guest and my suppliant, and prayers are the daughters of Zeus.
And who, too, dare part man and wife, after all they have endured
together?’

And Alcinous smiled.  ‘The minstrel’s song has charmed you: but I must
remember what is right, for songs cannot alter justice; and I must be
faithful to my name.  Alcinous I am called, the man of sturdy sense; and
Alcinous I will be.’  But for all that Arete besought him, until she won
him round.

So next morning he sent a herald, and called the kings into the square,
and said, ‘This is a puzzling matter: remember but one thing.  These
Minuai live close by us, and we may meet them often on the seas; but
Aietes lives afar off, and we have only heard his name.  Which, then, of
the two is it safer to offend—the men near us, or the men far off?’

The princes laughed, and praised his wisdom; and Alcinous called the
heroes to the square, and the Colchi also; and they came and stood
opposite each other, but Medeia stayed in the palace.  Then Alcinous
spoke, ‘Heroes of the Colchi, what is your errand about this lady?’

‘To carry her home with us, that she may die a shameful death; but if we
return without her, we must die the death she should have died.’

‘What say you to this, Jason the Æolid?’ said Alcinous, turning to the
Minuai.

‘I say,’ said the cunning Jason, ‘that they are come here on a bootless
errand.  Do you think that you can make her follow you, heroes of the
Colchi—her, who knows all spells and charms?  She will cast away your
ships on quicksands, or call down on you Brimo the wild huntress; or the
chains will fall from off her wrists, and she will escape in her
dragon-car; or if not thus, some other way, for she has a thousand plans
and wiles.  And why return home at all, brave heroes, and face the long
seas again, and the Bosphorus, and the stormy Euxine, and double all your
toil?  There is many a fair land round these coasts, which waits for
gallant men like you.  Better to settle there, and build a city, and let
Aietes and Colchis help themselves.’

Then a murmur rose among the Colchi, and some cried ‘He has spoken well;’
and some, ‘We have had enough of roving, we will sail the seas no more!’
And the chief said at last, ‘Be it so, then; a plague she has been to us,
and a plague to the house of her father, and a plague she will be to you.
Take her, since you are no wiser; and we will sail away toward the
north.’

Then Alcinous gave them food, and water, and garments, and rich presents
of all sorts; and he gave the same to the Minuai, and sent them all away
in peace.

So Jason kept the dark witch-maiden to breed him woe and shame; and the
Colchi went northward into the Adriatic, and settled, and built towns
along the shore.

Then the heroes rowed away to the eastward, to reach Hellas, their
beloved land; but a storm came down upon them, and swept them far away
toward the south.  And they rowed till they were spent with struggling,
through the darkness and the blinding rain; but where they were they
could not tell, and they gave up all hope of life.  And at last touched
the ground, and when daylight came waded to the shore; and saw nothing
round but sand and desolate salt pools, for they had come to the
quicksands of the Syrtis, and the dreary treeless flats which lie between
Numidia and Cyrene, on the burning shore of Africa.  And there they
wandered starving for many a weary day, ere they could launch their ship
again, and gain the open sea.  And there Canthus was killed, while he was
trying to drive off sheep, by a stone which a herdsman threw.

And there too Mopsus died, the seer who knew the voices of all birds; but
he could not foretell his own end, for he was bitten in the foot by a
snake, one of those which sprang from the Gorgon’s head when Perseus
carried it across the sands.

At last they rowed away toward the northward, for many a weary day, till
their water was spent, and their food eaten; and they were worn out with
hunger and thirst.  But at last they saw a long steep island, and a blue
peak high among the clouds; and they knew it for the peak of Ida, and the
famous land of Crete.  And they said, ‘We will land in Crete, and see
Minos the just king, and all his glory and his wealth; at least he will
treat us hospitably, and let us fill our water-casks upon the shore.’

But when they came nearer to the island they saw a wondrous sight upon
the cliffs.  For on a cape to the westward stood a giant, taller than any
mountain pine, who glittered aloft against the sky like a tower of
burnished brass.  He turned and looked on all sides round him, till he
saw the _Argo_ and her crew; and when he saw them he came toward them,
more swiftly than the swiftest horse, leaping across the glens at a
bound, and striding at one step from down to down.  And when he came
abreast of them he brandished his arms up and down, as a ship hoists and
lowers her yards, and shouted with his brazen throat like a trumpet from
off the hills, ‘You are pirates, you are robbers!  If you dare land here,
you die.’

Then the heroes cried, ‘We are no pirates.  We are all good men and true,
and all we ask is food and water;’ but the giant cried the more—

‘You are robbers, you are pirates all; I know you; and if you land, you
shall die the death.’

Then he waved his arms again as a signal, and they saw the people flying
inland, driving their flocks before them, while a great flame arose among
the hills.  Then the giant ran up a valley and vanished, and the heroes
lay on their oars in fear.

But Medeia stood watching all from under her steep black brows, with a
cunning smile upon her lips, and a cunning plot within her heart.  At
last she spoke, ‘I know this giant.  I heard of him in the East.
Hephaistos the Fire King made him in his forge in Ætna beneath the earth,
and called him Talus, and gave him to Minos for a servant, to guard the
coast of Crete.  Thrice a day he walks round the island, and never stops
to sleep; and if strangers land he leaps into his furnace, which flames
there among the hills; and when he is red-hot he rushes on them, and
burns them in his brazen hands.’

Then all the heroes cried, ‘What shall we do, wise Medeia?  We must have
water, or we die of thirst.  Flesh and blood we can face fairly; but who
can face this red-hot brass?’

‘I can face red-hot brass, if the tale I hear be true.  For they say that
he has but one vein in all his body, filled with liquid fire; and that
this vein is closed with a nail: but I know not where that nail is
placed.  But if I can get it once into these hands, you shall water your
ship here in peace.’

Then she bade them put her on shore, and row off again, and wait what
would befall.

And the heroes obeyed her unwillingly, for they were ashamed to leave her
so alone; but Jason said, ‘She is dearer to me than to any of you, yet I
will trust her freely on shore; she has more plots than we can dream of
in the windings of that fair and cunning head.’

So they left the witch-maiden on the shore; and she stood there in her
beauty all alone, till the giant strode back red-hot from head to heel,
while the grass hissed and smoked beneath his tread.

And when he saw the maiden alone, he stopped; and she looked boldly up
into his face without moving, and began her magic song:—

‘Life is short, though life is sweet; and even men of brass and fire must
die.  The brass must rust, the fire must cool, for time gnaws all things
in their turn.  Life is short, though life is sweet: but sweeter to live
for ever; sweeter to live ever youthful like the Gods, who have ichor in
their veins—ichor which gives life, and youth, and joy, and a bounding
heart.’

Then Talus said, ‘Who are you, strange maiden, and where is this ichor of
youth?’

Then Medeia held up a flask of crystal, and said, ‘Here is the ichor of
youth.  I am Medeia the enchantress; my sister Circe gave me this, and
said, “Go and reward Talus, the faithful servant, for his fame is gone
out into all lands.”  So come, and I will pour this into your veins, that
you may live for ever young.’

And he listened to her false words, that simple Talus, and came near; and
Medeia said, ‘Dip yourself in the sea first, and cool yourself, lest you
burn my tender hands; then show me where the nail in your vein is, that I
may pour the ichor in.’

Then that simple Talus dipped himself in the sea, till it hissed, and
roared, and smoked; and came and knelt before Medeia, and showed her the
secret nail.

And she drew the nail out gently, but she poured no ichor in; and instead
the liquid fire spouted forth, like a stream of red-hot iron.  And Talus
tried to leap up, crying, ‘You have betrayed me, false witch-maiden!’
But she lifted up her hands before him, and sang, till he sank beneath
her spell.  And as he sank, his brazen limbs clanked heavily, and the
earth groaned beneath his weight; and the liquid fire ran from his heel,
like a stream of lava, to the sea; and Medeia laughed, and called to the
heroes, ‘Come ashore, and water your ship in peace.’

So they came, and found the giant lying dead; and they fell down, and
kissed Medeia’s feet; and watered their ship, and took sheep and oxen,
and so left that inhospitable shore.

At last, after many more adventures, they came to the Cape of Malea, at
the south-west point of the Peloponnese.  And there they offered
sacrifices, and Orpheus purged them from their guilt.  Then they rode
away again to the northward, past the Laconian shore, and came all worn
and tired by Sunium, and up the long Euboean Strait, until they saw once
more Pelion, and Aphetai, and Iolcos by the sea.

And they ran the ship ashore; but they had no strength left to haul her
up the beach; and they crawled out on the pebbles, and sat down, and wept
till they could weep no more.  For the houses and the trees were all
altered; and all the faces which they saw were strange; and their joy was
swallowed up in sorrow, while they thought of their youth, and all their
labour, and the gallant comrades they had lost.

And the people crowded round, and asked them ‘Who are you, that you sit
weeping here?’

‘We are the sons of your princes, who sailed out many a year ago.  We
went to fetch the golden fleece, and we have brought it, and grief
therewith.  Give us news of our fathers and our mothers, if any of them
be left alive on earth.’

Then there was shouting, and laughing, and weeping; and all the kings
came to the shore, and they led away the heroes to their homes, and
bewailed the valiant dead.

Then Jason went up with Medeia to the palace of his uncle Pelias.  And
when he came in Pelias sat by the hearth, crippled and blind with age;
while opposite him sat Æson, Jason’s father, crippled and blind likewise;
and the two old men’s heads shook together as they tried to warm
themselves before the fire.

And Jason fell down at his father’s knees, and wept, and called him by
his name.  And the old man stretched his hands out, and felt him, and
said, ‘Do not mock me, young hero.  My son Jason is dead long ago at
sea.’

‘I am your own son Jason, whom you trusted to the Centaur upon Pelion;
and I have brought home the golden fleece, and a princess of the Sun’s
race for my bride.  So now give me up the kingdom, Pelias my uncle, and
fulfil your promise as I have fulfilled mine.’

Then his father clung to him like a child, and wept, and would not let
him go; and cried, ‘Now I shall not go down lonely to my grave.  Promise
me never to leave me till I die.’



PART VI
WHAT WAS THE END OF THE HEROES


And now I wish that I could end my story pleasantly; but it is no fault
of mine that I cannot.  The old songs end it sadly, and I believe that
they are right and wise; for though the heroes were purified at Malea,
yet sacrifices cannot make bad hearts good, and Jason had taken a wicked
wife, and he had to bear his burden to the last.

And first she laid a cunning plot to punish that poor old Pelias, instead
of letting him die in peace.

For she told his daughters, ‘I can make old things young again; I will
show you how easy it is to do.’  So she took an old ram and killed him,
and put him in a cauldron with magic herbs; and whispered her spells over
him, and he leapt out again a young lamb.  So that ‘Medeia’s cauldron’ is
a proverb still, by which we mean times of war and change, when the world
has become old and feeble, and grows young again through bitter pains.

Then she said to Pelias’ daughters, ‘Do to your father as I did to this
ram, and he will grow young and strong again.’  But she only told them
half the spell; so they failed, while Medeia mocked them; and poor old
Pelias died, and his daughters came to misery.  But the songs say she
cured Æson, Jason’s father, and he became young, and strong again.

But Jason could not love her, after all her cruel deeds.  So he was
ungrateful to her, and wronged her; and she revenged herself on him.  And
a terrible revenge she took—too terrible to speak of here.  But you will
hear of it yourselves when you grow up, for it has been sung in noble
poetry and music; and whether it be true or not, it stands for ever as a
warning to us not to seek for help from evil persons, or to gain good
ends by evil means.  For if we use an adder even against our enemies, it
will turn again and sting us.

But of all the other heroes there is many a brave tale left, which I have
no space to tell you, so you must read them for yourselves;—of the
hunting of the boar in Calydon, which Meleager killed; and of Heracles’
twelve famous labours; and of the seven who fought at Thebes; and of the
noble love of Castor and Polydeuces, the twin Dioscouroi—how when one
died the other would not live without him, so they shared their
immortality between them; and Zeus changed them into the two twin stars
which never rise both at once.

And what became of Cheiron, the good immortal beast?  That, too, is a sad
story; for the heroes never saw him more.  He was wounded by a poisoned
arrow, at Pholoe among the hills, when Heracles opened the fatal
wine-jar, which Cheiron had warned him not to touch.  And the Centaurs
smelt the wine, and flocked to it, and fought for it with Heracles; but
he killed them all with his poisoned arrows, and Cheiron was left alone.
Then Cheiron took up one of the arrows, and dropped it by chance upon his
foot; and the poison ran like fire along his veins, and he lay down and
longed to die; and cried, ‘Through wine I perish, the bane of all my
race.  Why should I live for ever in this agony?  Who will take my
immortality, that I may die?’

Then Prometheus answered, the good Titan, whom Heracles had set free from
Caucasus, ‘I will take your immortality and live for ever, that I may
help poor mortal men.’  So Cheiron gave him his immortality, and died,
and had rest from pain.  And Heracles and Prometheus wept over him, and
went to bury him on Pelion; but Zeus took him up among the stars, to live
for ever, grand and mild, low down in the far southern sky.

And in time the heroes died, all but Nestor, the silver-tongued old man;
and left behind them valiant sons, but not so great as they had been.
Yet their fame, too, lives till this day, for they fought at the ten
years’ siege of Troy: and their story is in the book which we call Homer,
in two of the noblest songs on earth—the ‘Iliad,’ which tells us of the
siege of Troy, and Achilles’ quarrel with the kings; and the ‘Odyssey,’
which tells the wanderings of Odysseus, through many lands for many
years, and how Alcinous sent him home at last, safe to Ithaca his beloved
island, and to Penelope his faithful wife, and Telemachus his son, and
Euphorbus the noble swineherd, and the old dog who licked his hand and
died.  We will read that sweet story, children, by the fire some winter
night.  And now I will end my tale, and begin another and a more cheerful
one, of a hero who became a worthy king, and won his people’s love.




STORY III.—THESEUS


PART I
HOW THESEUS LIFTED THE STONE


Once upon a time there was a princess in Trœzene, Aithra, the daughter of
Pittheus the king.  She had one fair son, named Theseus, the bravest lad
in all the land; and Aithra never smiled but when she looked at him, for
her husband had forgotten her, and lived far away.  And she used to go up
to the mountain above Troezene, to the temple of Poseidon and sit there
all day looking out across the bay, over Methana, to the purple peaks of
Ægina and the Attic shore beyond.  And when Theseus was full fifteen
years old she took him up with her to the temple, and into the thickets
of the grove which grew in the temple-yard.  And she led him to a tall
plane-tree, beneath whose shade grew arbutus, and lentisk, and purple
heather-bushes.  And there she sighed, and said, ‘Theseus, my son, go
into that thicket and you will find at the plane-tree foot a great flat
stone; lift it, and bring me what lies underneath.’

Then Theseus pushed his way in through the thick bushes, and saw that
they had not been moved for many a year.  And searching among their roots
he found a great flat stone, all overgrown with ivy, and acanthus, and
moss.  He tried to lift it, but he could not.  And he tried till the
sweat ran down his brow from heat, and the tears from his eyes for shame;
but all was of no avail.  And at last he came back to his mother, and
said, ‘I have found the stone, but I cannot lift it; nor do I think that
any man could in all Troezene.’

Then she sighed, and said, ‘The Gods wait long; but they are just at
last.  Let it be for another year.  The day may come when you will be a
stronger man than lives in all Troezene.’

Then she took him by the hand, and went into the temple and prayed, and
came down again with Theseus to her home.

And when a full year was past she led Theseus up again to the temple, and
bade him lift the stone; but he could not.

Then she sighed, and said the same words again, and went down, and came
again the next year; but Theseus could not lift the stone then, nor the
year after; and he longed to ask his mother the meaning of that stone,
and what might lie underneath it; but her face was so sad that he had not
the heart to ask.

So he said to himself, ‘The day shall surely come when I will lift that
stone, though no man in Troezene can.’  And in order to grow strong he
spent all his days in wrestling, and boxing, and hurling, and taming
horses, and hunting the boar and the bull, and coursing goats and deer
among the rocks; till upon all the mountains there was no hunter so swift
as Theseus; and he killed Phaia the wild sow of Crommyon, which wasted
all the land; till all the people said, ‘Surely the Gods are with the
lad.’

And when his eighteenth year was past, Aithra led him up again to the
temple, and said, ‘Theseus, lift the stone this day, or never know who
you are.’  And Theseus went into the thicket, and stood over the stone,
and tugged at it; and it moved.  Then his spirit swelled within him, and
he said, ‘If I break my heart in my body, it shall up.’  And he tugged at
it once more, and lifted it, and rolled it over with a shout.

And when he looked beneath it, on the ground lay a sword of bronze, with
a hilt of glittering gold, and by it a pair of golden sandals; and he
caught them up, and burst through the bushes like a wild boar, and leapt
to his mother, holding them high above his head.

But when she saw them she wept long in silence, hiding her fair face in
her shawl; and Theseus stood by her wondering, and wept also, he knew not
why.  And when she was tired of weeping, she lifted up her head, and laid
her finger on her lips, and said, ‘Hide them in your bosom, Theseus my
son, and come with me where we can look down upon the sea.’

Then they went outside the sacred wall, and looked down over the bright
blue sea; and Aithra said—

‘Do you see this land at our feet?’

And he said, ‘Yes; this is Troezene, where I was born and bred.’

And she said, ‘It is but a little land, barren and rocky, and looks
towards the bleak north-east.  Do you see that land beyond?’

‘Yes; that is Attica, where the Athenian people dwell.’

                      [Picture: Theseus and Aithra]

‘That is a fair land and large, Theseus my son; and it looks toward the
sunny south; a land of olive-oil and honey, the joy of Gods and men.  For
the Gods have girdled it with mountains, whose veins are of pure silver,
and their bones of marble white as snow; and there the hills are sweet
with thyme and basil, and the meadows with violet and asphodel, and the
nightingales sing all day in the thickets, by the side of ever-flowing
streams.  There are twelve towns well peopled, the homes of an ancient
race, the children of Kekrops the serpent king, the son of Mother Earth,
who wear gold cicalas among the tresses of their golden hair; for like
the cicalas they sprang from the earth, and like the cicalas they sing
all day, rejoicing in the genial sun.  What would you do, son Theseus, if
you were king of such a land?’

Then Theseus stood astonished, as he looked across the broad bright sea,
and saw the fair Attic shore, from Sunium to Hymettus and Pentelicus, and
all the mountain peaks which girdle Athens round.  But Athens itself he
could not see, for purple Ægina stood before it, midway across the sea.

Then his heart grew great within him, and he said, ‘If I were king of
such a land I would rule it wisely and well in wisdom and in might, that
when I died all men might weep over my tomb, and cry, “Alas for the
shepherd of his people!”’

And Aithra smiled, and said, ‘Take, then, the sword and the sandals, and
go to Ægeus, king of Athens, who lives on Pallas’ hill; and say to him,
“The stone is lifted, but whose is the pledge beneath it?”  Then show him
the sword and the sandals, and take what the Gods shall send.’

But Theseus wept, ‘Shall I leave you, O my mother?’

But she answered, ‘Weep not for me.  That which is fated must be; and
grief is easy to those who do nought but grieve.  Full of sorrow was my
youth, and full of sorrow my womanhood.  Full of sorrow was my youth for
Bellerophon, the slayer of the Chimæra, whom my father drove away by
treason; and full of sorrow my womanhood, for thy treacherous father and
for thee; and full of sorrow my old age will be (for I see my fate in
dreams), when the sons of the Swan shall carry me captive to the hollow
vale of Eurotas, till I sail across the seas a slave, the handmaid of the
pest of Greece.  Yet shall I be avenged, when the golden-haired heroes
sail against Troy, and sack the palaces of Ilium; then my son shall set
me free from thraldom, and I shall hear the tale of Theseus’ fame.  Yet
beyond that I see new sorrows; but I can bear them as I have borne the
past.’

Then she kissed Theseus, and wept over him; and went into the temple, and
Theseus saw her no more.



PART II
HOW THESEUS SLEW THE DEVOURERS OF MEN


So Theseus stood there alone, with his mind full of many hopes.  And
first he thought of going down to the harbour and hiring a swift ship,
and sailing across the bay to Athens; but even that seemed too slow for
him, and he longed for wings to fly across the sea, and find his father.
But after a while his heart began to fail him; and he sighed, and said
within himself—

‘What if my father have other sons about him whom he loves?  What if he
will not receive me?  And what have I done that he should receive me?  He
has forgotten me ever since I was born: why should he welcome me now?’

Then he thought a long while sadly; and at the last he cried aloud, ‘Yes!
I will make him love me; for I will prove myself worthy of his love.  I
will win honour and renown, and do such deeds that Ægeus shall be proud
of me, though he had fifty other sons!  Did not Heracles win himself
honour, though he was opprest, and the slave of Eurystheus?  Did he not
kill all robbers and evil beasts, and drain great lakes and marshes,
breaking the hills through with his club?  Therefore it was that all men
honoured him, because he rid them of their miseries, and made life
pleasant to them and their children after them.  Where can I go, to do as
Heracles has done?  Where can I find strange adventures, robbers, and
monsters, and the children of hell, the enemies of men?  I will go by
land, and into the mountains, and round by the way of the Isthmus.
Perhaps there I may hear of brave adventures, and do something which
shall win my father’s love.’

So he went by land, and away into the mountains, with his father’s sword
upon his thigh, till he came to the Spider mountains, which hang over
Epidaurus and the sea, where the glens run downward from one peak in the
midst, as the rays spread in the spider’s web.

And he went up into the gloomy glens, between the furrowed marble walls,
till the lowland grew blue beneath his feet and the clouds drove damp
about his head.

But he went up and up for ever, through the spider’s web of glens, till
he could see the narrow gulfs spread below him, north and south, and east
and west; black cracks half-choked with mists, and above all a dreary
down.

But over that down he must go, for there was no road right or left; so he
toiled on through bog and brake, till he came to a pile of stones.

And on the stones a man was sitting, wrapt in a bearskin cloak.  The head
of the bear served him for a cap, and its teeth grinned white around his
brows; and the feet were tied about his throat, and their claws shone
white upon his chest.  And when he saw Theseus he rose, and laughed till
the glens rattled.

‘And who art thou, fair fly, who hast walked into the spider’s web?’  But
Theseus walked on steadily, and made no answer; but he thought, ‘Is this
some robber? and has an adventure come already to me?’  But the strange
man laughed louder than ever, and said—

‘Bold fly, know you not that these glens are the web from which no fly
ever finds his way out again, and this down the spider’s house, and I the
spider who sucks the flies?  Come hither, and let me feast upon you; for
it is of no use to run away, so cunning a web has my father Hephaistos
spread for me when he made these clefts in the mountains, through which
no man finds his way home.’

But Theseus came on steadily, and asked—

‘And what is your name among men, bold spider? and where are your
spider’s fangs?’

Then the strange man laughed again—

‘My name is Periphetes, the son of Hephaistos and Anticleia the mountain
nymph.  But men call me Corynetes the club-bearer; and here is my
spider’s fang.’

And he lifted from off the stones at his side a mighty club of bronze.

‘This my father gave me, and forged it himself in the roots of the
mountain; and with it I pound all proud flies till they give out their
fatness and their sweetness.  So give me up that gay sword of yours, and
your mantle, and your golden sandals, lest I pound you, and by ill-luck
you die.’

But Theseus wrapt his mantle round his left arm quickly, in hard folds,
from his shoulder to his hand, and drew his sword, and rushed upon the
club-bearer, and the club-bearer rushed on him.

Thrice he struck at Theseus, and made him bend under the blows like a
sapling; but Theseus guarded his head with his left arm, and the mantle
which was wrapt around it.

And thrice Theseus sprang upright after the blow, like a sapling when the
storm is past; and he stabbed at the club-bearer with his sword, but the
loose folds of the bearskin saved him.

Then Theseus grew mad, and closed with him, and caught him by the throat,
and they fell and rolled over together; but when Theseus rose up from the
ground the club-bearer lay still at his feet.

Then Theseus took his club and his bearskin, and left him to the kites
and crows, and went upon his journey down the glens on the farther slope,
till he came to a broad green valley, and saw flocks and herds sleeping
beneath the trees.

And by the side of a pleasant fountain, under the shade of rocks and
trees, were nymphs and shepherds dancing; but no one piped to them while
they danced.

And when they saw Theseus they shrieked; and the shepherds ran off, and
drove away their flocks, while the nymphs dived into the fountain like
coots, and vanished.

Theseus wondered and laughed: ‘What strange fancies have folks here who
run away from strangers, and have no music when they dance!’  But he was
tired, and dusty, and thirsty; so he thought no more of them, but drank
and bathed in the clear pool, and then lay down in the shade under a
plane-tree, while the water sang him to sleep, as it tinkled down from
stone to stone.

And when he woke he heard a whispering, and saw the nymphs peeping at him
across the fountain from the dark mouth of a cave, where they sat on
green cushions of moss.  And one said, ‘Surely he is not Periphetes;’ and
another, ‘He looks like no robber, but a fair and gentle youth.’

Then Theseus smiled, and called them, ‘Fair nymphs, I am not Periphetes.
He sleeps among the kites and crows; but I have brought away his bearskin
and his club.’

Then they leapt across the pool, and came to him, and called the
shepherds back.  And he told them how he had slain the club-bearer: and
the shepherds kissed his feet and sang, ‘Now we shall feed our flocks in
peace, and not be afraid to have music when we dance; for the cruel
club-bearer has met his match, and he will listen for our pipes no more.’
Then they brought him kid’s flesh and wine, and the nymphs brought him
honey from the rocks, and he ate, and drank, and slept again, while the
nymphs and shepherds danced and sang.  And when he woke, they begged him
to stay; but he would not.  ‘I have a great work to do,’ he said; ‘I must
be away toward the Isthmus, that I may go to Athens.’

But the shepherds said, ‘Will you go alone toward Athens?  None travel
that way now, except in armed troops.’

‘As for arms, I have enough, as you see.  And as for troops, an honest
man is good enough company for himself.  Why should I not go alone toward
Athens?’

‘If you do, you must look warily about you on the Isthmus, lest you meet
Sinis the robber, whom men call Pituocamptes the pine-bender; for he
bends down two pine-trees, and binds all travellers hand and foot between
them, and when he lets the trees go again their bodies are torn in
sunder.’

‘And after that,’ said another, ‘you must go inland, and not dare to pass
over the cliffs of Sciron; for on the left hand are the mountains, and on
the right the sea, so that you have no escape, but must needs meet Sciron
the robber, who will make you wash his feet; and while you are washing
them he will kick you over the cliff, to the tortoise who lives below,
and feeds upon the bodies of the dead.’

And before Theseus could answer, another cried, ‘And after that is a
worse danger still, unless you go inland always, and leave Eleusis far on
your right.  For in Eleusis rules Kerkuon the cruel king, the terror of
all mortals, who killed his own daughter Alope in prison.  But she was
changed into a fair fountain; and her child he cast out upon the
mountains, but the wild mares gave it milk.  And now he challenges all
comers to wrestle with him, for he is the best wrestler in all Attica,
and overthrows all who come; and those whom he overthrows he murders
miserably, and his palace-court is full of their bones.’

Then Theseus frowned, and said, ‘This seems indeed an ill-ruled land, and
adventures enough in it to be tried.  But if I am the heir of it, I will
rule it and right it, and here is my royal sceptre.’

And he shook his club of bronze, while the nymphs and shepherds clung
round him, and entreated him not to go.

But on he went nevertheless, till he could see both the seas and the
citadel of Corinth towering high above all the land.  And he past swiftly
along the Isthmus, for his heart burned to meet that cruel Sinis; and in
a pine-wood at last he met him, where the Isthmus was narrowest and the
road ran between high rocks.  There he sat upon a stone by the wayside,
with a young fir-tree for a club across his knees, and a cord laid ready
by his side; and over his head, upon the fir-tops, hung the bones of
murdered men.

Then Theseus shouted to him, ‘Holla, thou valiant pine-bender, hast thou
two fir-trees left for me?’

And Sinis leapt to his feet, and answered, pointing to the bones above
his head, ‘My larder has grown empty lately, so I have two fir-trees
ready for thee.’  And he rushed on Theseus, lifting his club, and Theseus
rushed upon him.

Then they hammered together till the greenwoods rang; but the metal was
tougher than the pine, and Sinis’ club broke right across, as the bronze
came down upon it.  Then Theseus heaved up another mighty stroke, and
smote Sinis down upon his face; and knelt upon his back, and bound him
with his own cord, and said, ‘As thou hast done to others, so shall it be
done to thee.’  Then he bent down two young fir-trees, and bound Sinis
between them for all his struggling and his prayers; and let them go, and
ended Sinis, and went on, leaving him to the hawks and crows.

Then he went over the hills toward Megara, keeping close along the
Saronic Sea, till he came to the cliffs of Sciron, and the narrow path
between the mountain and the sea.

And there he saw Sciron sitting by a fountain, at the edge of the cliff.
On his knees was a mighty club; and he had barred the path with stones,
so that every one must stop who came up.

Then Theseus shouted to him, and said, ‘Holla, thou tortoise-feeder, do
thy feet need washing to-day?’

And Sciron leapt to his feet, and answered—‘My tortoise is empty and
hungry, and my feet need washing to-day.’  And he stood before his
barrier, and lifted up his club in both hands.

Then Theseus rushed upon him; and sore was the battle upon the cliff, for
when Sciron felt the weight of the bronze club, he dropt his own, and
closed with Theseus, and tried to hurl him by main force over the cliff.
But Theseus was a wary wrestler, and dropt his own club, and caught him
by the throat and by the knee, and forced him back against the wall of
stones, and crushed him up against them, till his breath was almost gone.
And Sciron cried panting, ‘Loose me, and I will let thee pass.’  But
Theseus answered, ‘I must not pass till I have made the rough way
smooth;’ and he forced him back against the wall till it fell, and Sciron
rolled head over heels.

Then Theseus lifted him up all bruised, and said, ‘Come hither and wash
my feet.’  And he drew his sword, and sat down by the well, and said,
‘Wash my feet, or I cut you piecemeal.’

And Sciron washed his feet trembling; and when it was done, Theseus rose,
and cried, ‘As thou hast done to others, so shall it be done to thee.  Go
feed thy tortoise thyself;’ and he kicked him over the cliff into the
sea.

And whether the tortoise ate him, I know not; for some say that earth and
sea both disdained to take his body, so foul it was with sin.  So the sea
cast it out upon the shore, and the shore cast it back into the sea, and
at last the waves hurled it high into the air in anger; and it hung there
long without a grave, till it was changed into a desolate rock, which
stands there in the surge until this day.

This at least is true, which Pausanias tells, that in the royal porch at
Athens he saw the figure of Theseus modelled in clay, and by him Sciron
the robber falling headlong into the sea.

Then he went a long day’s journey, past Megara, into the Attic land, and
high before him rose the snow-peaks of Cithæron, all cold above the black
pine-woods, where haunt the Furies, and the raving Bacchæ, and the Nymphs
who drive men wild, far aloft upon the dreary mountains, where the storms
howl all day long.  And on his right hand was the sea always, and
Salamis, with its island cliffs, and the sacred strait of the sea-fight,
where afterwards the Persians fled before the Greeks.  So he went all day
until the evening, till he saw the Thriasian plain, and the sacred city
of Eleusis, where the Earth-mother’s temple stands.  For there she met
Triptolemus, when all the land lay waste, Demeter the kind Earth-mother,
and in her hands a sheaf of corn.  And she taught him to plough the
fallows, and to yoke the lazy kine; and she taught him to sow the
seed-fields, and to reap the golden grain; and sent him forth to teach
all nations, and give corn to labouring men.  So at Eleusis all men
honour her, whosoever tills the land; her and Triptolemus her beloved,
who gave corn to labouring men.

And he went along the plain into Eleusis, and stood in the market-place,
and cried—

‘Where is Kerkuon, the king of the city?  I must wrestle a fall with him
to-day.’

Then all the people crowded round him, and cried, ‘Fair youth, why will
you die?  Hasten out of the city, before the cruel king hears that a
stranger is here.’

But Theseus went up through the town, while the people wept and prayed,
and through the gates of the palace-yard, and through the piles of bones
and skulls, till he came to the door of Kerkuon’s hall, the terror of all
mortal men.

And there he saw Kerkuon sitting at the table in the hall alone; and
before him was a whole sheep roasted, and beside him a whole jar of wine.
And Theseus stood and called him, ‘Holla, thou valiant wrestler, wilt
thou wrestle a fall to-day?’

And Kerkuon looked up and laughed, and answered, ‘I will wrestle a fall
to-day; but come in, for I am lonely and thou weary, and eat and drink
before thou die.’

Then Theseus went up boldly, and sat down before Kerkuon at the board;
and he ate his fill of the sheep’s flesh, and drank his fill of the wine;
and Theseus ate enough for three men, but Kerkuon ate enough for seven.

But neither spoke a word to the other, though they looked across the
table by stealth; and each said in his heart, ‘He has broad shoulders;
but I trust mine are as broad as his.’

At last, when the sheep was eaten and the jar of wine drained dry, King
Kerkuon rose, and cried, ‘Let us wrestle a fall before we sleep.’

So they tossed off all their garments, and went forth in the palace-yard;
and Kerkuon bade strew fresh sand in an open space between the bones.

And there the heroes stood face to face, while their eyes glared like
wild bulls’; and all the people crowded at the gates to see what would
befall.

And there they stood and wrestled, till the stars shone out above their
heads; up and down and round, till the sand was stamped hard beneath
their feet.  And their eyes flashed like stars in the darkness, and their
breath went up like smoke in the night air; but neither took nor gave a
footstep, and the people watched silent at the gates.

But at last Kerkuon grew angry, and caught Theseus round the neck, and
shook him as a mastiff shakes a rat; but he could not shake him off his
feet.

But Theseus was quick and wary, and clasped Kerkuon round the waist, and
slipped his loin quickly underneath him, while he caught him by the
wrist; and then he hove a mighty heave, a heave which would have stirred
an oak, and lifted Kerkuon, and pitched him right over his shoulder on
the ground.

Then he leapt on him, and called, ‘Yield, or I kill thee!’ but Kerkuon
said no word; for his heart was burst within him with the fall, and the
meat, and the wine.

Then Theseus opened the gates, and called in all the people; and they
cried, ‘You have slain our evil king; be you now our king, and rule us
well.’

‘I will be your king in Eleusis, and I will rule you right and well; for
this cause I have slain all evil-doers—Sinis, and Sciron, and this man
last of all.’

Then an aged man stepped forth, and said, ‘Young hero, hast thou slain
Sinis?  Beware then of Ægeus, king of Athens, to whom thou goest, for he
is near of kin to Sinis.’

‘Then I have slain my own kinsman,’ said Theseus, ‘though well he
deserved to die.  Who will purge me from his death, for rightfully I slew
him, unrighteous and accursed as he was?’

And the old man answered—

‘That will the heroes do, the sons of Phytalus, who dwell beneath the
elm-tree in Aphidnai, by the bank of silver Cephisus; for they know the
mysteries of the Gods.  Thither you shall go and be purified, and after
you shall be our king.’

So he took an oath of the people of Eleusis, that they would serve him as
their king, and went away next morning across the Thriasian plain, and
over the hills toward Aphidnai, that he might find the sons of Phytalus.

And as he was skirting the Vale of Cephisus, along the foot of lofty
Parnes, a very tall and strong man came down to meet him, dressed in rich
garments.  On his arms were golden bracelets, and round his neck a collar
of jewels; and he came forward, bowing courteously, and held out both his
hands, and spoke—

‘Welcome, fair youth, to these mountains; happy am I to have met you!
For what greater pleasure to a good man, than to entertain strangers?
But I see that you are weary.  Come up to my castle, and rest yourself
awhile.’

‘I give you thanks,’ said Theseus: ‘but I am in haste to go up the
valley, and to reach Aphidnai in the Vale of Cephisus.’

‘Alas! you have wandered far from the right way, and you cannot reach
Aphidnai to-night, for there are many miles of mountain between you and
it, and steep passes, and cliffs dangerous after nightfall.  It is well
for you that I met you, for my whole joy is to find strangers, and to
feast them at my castle, and hear tales from them of foreign lands.  Come
up with me, and eat the best of venison, and drink the rich red wine, and
sleep upon my famous bed, of which all travellers say that they never saw
the like.  For whatsoever the stature of my guest, however tall or short,
that bed fits him to a hair, and he sleeps on it as he never slept
before.’  And he laid hold on Theseus’ hands, and would not let him go.

Theseus wished to go forwards: but he was ashamed to seem churlish to so
hospitable a man; and he was curious to see that wondrous bed; and
beside, he was hungry and weary: yet he shrank from the man, he knew not
why; for, though his voice was gentle and fawning, it was dry and husky
like a toad’s; and though his eyes were gentle, they were dull and cold
like stones.  But he consented, and went with the man up a glen which led
from the road toward the peaks of Parnes, under the dark shadow of the
cliffs.

And as they went up, the glen grew narrower, and the cliffs higher and
darker, and beneath them a torrent roared, half seen between bare
limestone crags.  And around there was neither tree nor bush, while from
the white peaks of Parnes the snow-blasts swept down the glen, cutting
and chilling till a horror fell on Theseus as he looked round at that
doleful place.  And he asked at last, ‘Your castle stands, it seems, in a
dreary region.’

‘Yes; but once within it, hospitality makes all things cheerful.  But who
are these?’ and he looked back, and Theseus also; and far below, along
the road which they had left, came a string of laden asses, and merchants
walking by them, watching their ware.

‘Ah, poor souls!’ said the stranger.  ‘Well for them that I looked back
and saw them!  And well for me too, for I shall have the more guests at
my feast.  Wait awhile till I go down and call them, and we will eat and
drink together the livelong night.  Happy am I, to whom Heaven sends so
many guests at once!’

And he ran back down the hill, waving his hand and shouting, to the
merchants, while Theseus went slowly up the steep pass.

But as he went up he met an aged man, who had been gathering drift-wood
in the torrent-bed.  He had laid down his faggot in the road, and was
trying to lift it again to his shoulder.  And when he saw Theseus, he
called to him, and said—

‘O fair youth, help me up with my burden, for my limbs are stiff and weak
with years.’

Then Theseus lifted the burden on his back.  And the old man blest him,
and then looked earnestly upon him, and said—

‘Who are you, fair youth, and wherefore travel you this doleful road?’

‘Who I am my parents know; but I travel this doleful road because I have
been invited by a hospitable man, who promises to feast me, and to make
me sleep upon I know not what wondrous bed.’

Then the old man clapped his hands together and cried—

‘O house of Hades, man-devouring! will thy maw never be full?  Know, fair
youth, that you are going to torment and to death, for he who met you (I
will requite your kindness by another) is a robber and a murderer of men.
Whatsoever stranger he meets he entices him hither to death; and as for
this bed of which he speaks, truly it fits all comers, yet none ever rose
alive off it save me.’

‘Why?’ asked Theseus, astonished.

‘Because, if a man be too tall for it, he lops his limbs till they be
short enough, and if he be too short, he stretches his limbs till they be
long enough: but me only he spared, seven weary years agone; for I alone
of all fitted his bed exactly, so he spared me, and made me his slave.
And once I was a wealthy merchant, and dwelt in brazen-gated Thebes; but
now I hew wood and draw water for him, the torment of all mortal men.’

Then Theseus said nothing; but he ground his teeth together.

‘Escape, then,’ said the old man, ‘for he will have no pity on thy youth.
But yesterday he brought up hither a young man and a maiden, and fitted
them upon his bed; and the young man’s hands and feet he cut off, but the
maiden’s limbs he stretched until she died, and so both perished
miserably—but I am tired of weeping over the slain.  And therefore he is
called Procrustes the stretcher, though his father called him Damastes.
Flee from him: yet whither will you flee?  The cliffs are steep, and who
can climb them? and there is no other road.’

But Theseus laid his hand upon the old man’s month, and said, ‘There is
no need to flee;’ and he turned to go down the pass.

‘Do not tell him that I have warned you, or he will kill me by some evil
death;’ and the old man screamed after him down the glen; but Theseus
strode on in his wrath.

And he said to himself, ‘This is an ill-ruled land; when shall I have
done ridding it of monsters?’  And as he spoke, Procrustes came up the
hill, and all the merchants with him, smiling and talking gaily.  And
when he saw Theseus, he cried, ‘Ah, fair young guest, have I kept you too
long waiting?’

But Theseus answered, ‘The man who stretches his guests upon a bed and
hews off their hands and feet, what shall be done to him, when right is
done throughout the land?’

Then Procrustes’ countenance changed, and his cheeks grew as green as a
lizard, and he felt for his sword in haste; but Theseus leapt on him, and
cried—

‘Is this true, my host, or is it false?’ and he clasped Procrustes round
waist and elbow, so that he could not draw his sword.

‘Is this true, my host, or is it false?’  But Procrustes answered never a
word.

Then Theseus flung him from him, and lifted up his dreadful club; and
before Procrustes could strike him he had struck, and felled him to the
ground.

And once again he struck him; and his evil soul fled forth, and went down
to Hades squeaking, like a bat into the darkness of a cave.

Then Theseus stript him of his gold ornaments, and went up to his house,
and found there great wealth and treasure, which he had stolen from the
passers-by.  And he called the people of the country, whom Procrustes had
spoiled a long time, and parted the spoil among them, and went down the
mountains, and away.

And he went down the glens of Parnes, through mist, and cloud, and rain,
down the slopes of oak, and lentisk, and arbutus, and fragrant bay, till
he came to the Vale of Cephisus, and the pleasant town of Aphidnai, and
the home of the Phytalid heroes, where they dwelt beneath a mighty elm.

And there they built an altar, and bade him bathe in Cephisus, and offer
a yearling ram, and purified him from the blood of Sinis, and sent him
away in peace.

And he went down the valley by Acharnai, and by the silver-swirling
stream, while all the people blessed him, for the fame of his prowess had
spread wide, till he saw the plain of Athens, and the hill where Athené
dwells.

So Theseus went up through Athens, and all the people ran out to see him;
for his fame had gone before him and every one knew of his mighty deeds.
And all cried, ‘Here comes the hero who slew Sinis, and Phaia the wild
sow of Crommyon, and conquered Kerkuon in wrestling, and slew Procrustes
the pitiless.’  But Theseus went on sadly and steadfastly, for his heart
yearned after his father; and he said, ‘How shall I deliver him from
these leeches who suck his blood?’

So he went up the holy stairs, and into the Acropolis, where Ægeus’
palace stood; and he went straight into Ægeus’ hall, and stood upon the
threshold, and looked round.

And there he saw his cousins sitting about the table at the wine: many a
son of Pallas, but no Ægeus among them.  There they sat and feasted, and
laughed, and passed the wine-cup round; while harpers harped, and
slave-girls sang, and the tumblers showed their tricks.

Loud laughed the sons of Pallas, and fast went the wine-cup round; but
Theseus frowned, and said under his breath, ‘No wonder that the land is
full of robbers, while such as these bear rule.’

Then the Pallantids saw him, and called to him, half-drunk with wine,
‘Holla, tall stranger at the door, what is your will to-day?’

‘I come hither to ask for hospitality.’

‘Then take it, and welcome.  You look like a hero and a bold warrior; and
we like such to drink with us.’

‘I ask no hospitality of you; I ask it of Ægeus the king, the master of
this house.’

At that some growled, and some laughed, and shouted, ‘Heyday! we are all
masters here.’

‘Then I am master as much as the rest of you,’ said Theseus, and he
strode past the table up the hall, and looked around for Ægeus; but he
was nowhere to be seen.

The Pallantids looked at him, and then at each other, and each whispered
to the man next him, ‘This is a forward fellow; he ought to be thrust out
at the door.’  But each man’s neighbour whispered in return, ‘His
shoulders are broad; will you rise and put him out?’  So they all sat
still where they were.

Then Theseus called to the servants, and said, ‘Go tell King Ægeus, your
master, that Theseus of Troezene is here, and asks to be his guest
awhile.’

A servant ran and told Ægeus, where he sat in his chamber within, by
Medeia the dark witch-woman, watching her eye and hand.  And when Ægeus
heard of Troezene he turned pale and red again, and rose from his seat
trembling, while Medeia watched him like a snake.

‘What is Troezene to you?’ she asked.  But he said hastily, ‘Do you not
know who this Theseus is?  The hero who has cleared the country from all
monsters; but that he came from Troezene, I never heard before.  I must
go out and welcome him.’

So Ægeus came out into the hall; and when Theseus saw him, his heart
leapt into his mouth, and he longed to fall on his neck and welcome him;
but he controlled himself, and said, ‘My father may not wish for me,
after all.  I will try him before I discover myself;’ and he bowed low
before Ægeus, and said, ‘I have delivered the king’s realm from many
monsters; therefore I am come to ask a reward of the king.’

And old Ægeus looked on him, and loved him, as what fond heart would not
have done?  But he only sighed, and said—

‘It is little that I can give you, noble lad, and nothing that is worthy
of you; for surely you are no mortal man, or at least no mortal’s son.’

‘All I ask,’ said Theseus, ‘is to eat and drink at your table.’

‘That I can give you,’ said Ægeus, ‘if at least I am master in my own
hall.’

Then he bade them put a seat for Theseus, and set before him the best of
the feast; and Theseus sat and ate so much, that all the company wondered
at him: but always he kept his club by his side.

But Medeia the dark witch-woman had been watching him all the while.  She
saw how Ægeus turned red and pale when the lad said that he came from
Troezene.  She saw, too, how his heart was opened toward Theseus; and how
Theseus bore himself before all the sons of Pallas, like a lion among a
pack of curs.  And she said to herself, ‘This youth will be master here;
perhaps he is nearer to Ægeus already than mere fancy.  At least the
Pallantilds will have no chance by the side of such as he.’

Then she went back into her chamber modestly, while Theseus ate and
drank; and all the servants whispered, ‘This, then, is the man who killed
the monsters!  How noble are his looks, and how huge his size!  Ah, would
that he were our master’s son!’

But presently Medeia came forth, decked in all her jewels, and her rich
Eastern robes, and looking more beautiful than the day, so that all the
guests could look at nothing else.  And in her right hand she held a
golden cup, and in her left a flask of gold; and she came up to Theseus,
and spoke in a sweet, soft, winning voice—

‘Hail to the hero, the conqueror, the unconquered, the destroyer of all
evil things!  Drink, hero, of my charmed cup, which gives rest after
every toil, which heals all wounds, and pours new life into the veins.
Drink of my cup, for in it sparkles the wine of the East, and Nepenthe,
the comfort of the Immortals.’

And as she spoke, she poured the flask into the cup; and the fragrance of
the wine spread through the hall, like the scent of thyme and roses.

And Theseus looked up in her fair face and into her deep dark eyes.  And
as he looked, he shrank and shuddered; for they were dry like the eyes of
a snake.  And he rose, and said, ‘The wine is rich and fragrant, and the
wine-bearer as fair as the Immortals; but let her pledge me first herself
in the cup, that the wine may be the sweeter from her lips.’

Then Medeia turned pale, and stammered, ‘Forgive me, fair hero; but I am
ill, and dare drink no wine.’

And Theseus looked again into her eyes, and cried, ‘Thou shalt pledge me
in that cup, or die.’  And he lifted up his brazen club, while all the
guests looked on aghast.

Medeia shrieked a fearful shriek, and dashed the cup to the ground, and
fled; and where the wine flowed over the marble pavement, the stone
bubbled, and crumbled, and hissed, under the fierce venom of the draught.

But Medeia called her dragon chariot, and sprang into it and fled aloft,
away over land and sea, and no man saw her more.

And Ægeus cried, ‘What hast thou done?’  But Theseus pointed to the
stone, ‘I have rid the land of an enchantment: now I will rid it of one
more.’

And he came close to Ægeus, and drew from his bosom the sword and the
sandals, and said the words which his mother bade him.

And Ægeus stepped back a pace, and looked at the lad till his eyes grew
dim; and then he cast himself on his neck and wept, and Theseus wept on
his neck, till they had no strength left to weep more.

Then Ægeus turned to all the people, and cried, ‘Behold my son, children
of Cecrops, a better man than his father was before him.’

Who, then, were mad but the Pallantids, though they had been mad enough
before?  And one shouted, ‘Shall we make room for an upstart, a
pretender, who comes from we know not where?’  And another, ‘If he be
one, we are more than one; and the stronger can hold his own.’  And one
shouted one thing, and one another; for they were hot and wild with wine:
but all caught swords and lances off the wall, where the weapons hung
around, and sprang forward to Theseus, and Theseus sprang forward to
them.

And he cried, ‘Go in peace, if you will, my cousins; but if not, your
blood be on your own heads.’  But they rushed at him; and then stopped
short and railed him, as curs stop and bark when they rouse a lion from
his lair.

But one hurled a lance from the rear rank, which past close by Theseus’
head; and at that Theseus rushed forward, and the fight began indeed.
Twenty against one they fought, and yet Theseus beat them all; and those
who were left fled down into the town, where the people set on them, and
drove them out, till Theseus was left alone in the palace, with Ægeus his
new-found father.  But before nightfall all the town came up, with
victims, and dances, and songs; and they offered sacrifices to Athené,
and rejoiced all the night long, because their king had found a noble
son, and an heir to his royal house.

So Theseus stayed with his father all the winter: and when the spring
equinox drew near, all the Athenians grew sad and silent, and Theseus saw
it, and asked the reason; but no one would answer him a word.

Then he went to his father, and asked him: but Ægeus turned away his face
and wept.

‘Do not ask, my son, beforehand, about evils which must happen: it is
enough to have to face them when they come.’

And when the spring equinox came, a herald came to Athens, and stood in
the market, and cried, ‘O people and King of Athens, where is your yearly
tribute?’  Then a great lamentation arose throughout the city.  But
Theseus stood up to the herald, and cried—

‘And who are you, dog-faced, who dare demand tribute here?  If I did not
reverence your herald’s staff, I would brain you with this club.’

And the herald answered proudly, for he was a grave and ancient man—

‘Fair youth, I am not dog-faced or shameless; but I do my master’s
bidding, Minos, the King of hundred-citied Crete, the wisest of all kings
on earth.  And you must be surely a stranger here, or you would know why
I come, and that I come by right.’

‘I am a stranger here.  Tell me, then, why you come.’

‘To fetch the tribute which King Ægeus promised to Minos, and confirmed
his promise with an oath.  For Minos conquered all this land, and Megara
which lies to the east, when he came hither with a great fleet of ships,
enraged about the murder of his son.  For his son Androgeos came hither
to the Panathenaic games, and overcame all the Greeks in the sports, so
that the people honoured him as a hero.  But when Ægeus saw his valour,
he envied him, and feared lest he should join the sons of Pallas, and
take away the sceptre from him.  So he plotted against his life, and slew
him basely, no man knows how or where.  Some say that he waylaid him by
Oinoe, on the road which goes to Thebes; and some that he sent him
against the bull of Marathon, that the beast might kill him.  But Ægeus
says that the young men killed him from envy, because he had conquered
them in the games.  So Minos came hither and avenged him, and would not
depart till this land had promised him tribute—seven youths and seven
maidens every year, who go with me in a black-sailed ship, till they come
to hundred-citied Crete.’

And Theseus ground his teeth together, and said, ‘Wert thou not a herald
I would kill thee for saying such things of my father; but I will go to
him, and know the truth.’  So he went to his father, and asked him; but
he turned away his head and wept, and said, ‘Blood was shed in the land
unjustly, and by blood it is avenged.  Break not my heart by questions;
it is enough to endure in silence.’

Then Theseus groaned inwardly, and said, ‘I will go myself with these
youths and maidens, and kill Minos upon his royal throne.’

And Ægeus shrieked, and cried, ‘You shall not go, my son, the light of my
old age, to whom alone I look to rule this people after I am dead and
gone.  You shall not go, to die horribly, as those youths and maidens
die; for Minos thrusts them into a labyrinth, which Daidalos made for him
among the rocks,—Daidalos the renegade, the accursed, the pest of this
his native land.  From that labyrinth no one can escape, entangled in its
winding ways, before they meet the Minotaur, the monster who feeds upon
the flesh of men.  There he devours them horribly, and they never see
this land again.’

Then Theseus grew red, and his ears tingled, and his heart beat loud in
his bosom.  And he stood awhile like a tall stone pillar on the cliffs
above some hero’s grave; and at last he spoke—

‘Therefore all the more I will go with them, and slay the accursed beast.
Have I not slain all evil-doers and monsters, that I might free this
land?  Where are Periphetes, and Sinis, and Kerkuon, and Phaia the wild
sow?  Where are the fifty sons of Pallas?  And this Minotaur shall go the
road which they have gone, and Minos himself, if he dare stay me.’

‘But how will you slay him, my son?  For you must leave your club and
your armour behind, and be cast to the monster, defenceless and naked
like the rest.’

And Theseus said, ‘Are there no stones in that labyrinth; and have I not
fists and teeth?  Did I need my club to kill Kerkuon, the terror of all
mortal men?’

Then Ægeus clung to his knees; but he would not hear; and at last he let
him go, weeping bitterly, and said only this one word—

‘Promise me but this, if you return in peace, though that may hardly be:
take down the black sail of the ship (for I shall watch for it all day
upon the cliffs), and hoist instead a white sail, that I may know afar
off that you are safe.’

And Theseus promised, and went out, and to the market-place where the
herald stood, while they drew lots for the youths and maidens, who were
to sail in that doleful crew.  And the people stood wailing and weeping,
as the lot fell on this one and on that; but Theseus strode into the
midst, and cried—‘Here is a youth who needs no lot.  I myself will be one
of the seven.’

And the herald asked in wonder, ‘Fair youth, know you whither you are
going?’

And Theseus said, ‘I know.  Let us go down to the black-sailed ship.’

So they went down to the black-sailed ship, seven maidens, and seven
youths, and Theseus before them all, and the people following them
lamenting.  But Theseus whispered to his companions, ‘Have hope, for the
monster is not immortal.  Where are Periphetes, and Sinis, and Sciron,
and all whom I have slain?’  Then their hearts were comforted a little;
but they wept as they went on board, and the cliffs of Sunium rang, and
all the isles of the Ægean Sea, with the voice of their lamentation, as
they sailed on toward their deaths in Crete.



PART III
HOW THESEUS SLEW THE MINOTAUR


And at last they came to Crete, and to Cnossus, beneath the peaks of Ida,
and to the palace of Minos the great king, to whom Zeus himself taught
laws.  So he was the wisest of all mortal kings, and conquered all the
Ægean isles; and his ships were as many as the sea-gulls, and his palace
like a marble hill.  And he sat among the pillars of the hall, upon his
throne of beaten gold, and around him stood the speaking statues which
Daidalos had made by his skill.  For Daidalos was the most cunning of all
Athenians, and he first invented the plumb-line, and the auger, and glue,
and many a tool with which wood is wrought.  And he first set up masts in
ships, and yards, and his son made sails for them: but Perdix his nephew
excelled him; for he first invented the saw and its teeth, copying it
from the back-bone of a fish; and invented, too, the chisel, and the
compasses, and the potter’s wheel which moulds the clay.  Therefore
Daidalos envied him, and hurled him headlong from the temple of Athené;
but the Goddess pitied him (for she loves the wise), and changed him into
a partridge, which flits for ever about the hills.  And Daidalos fled to
Crete, to Minos, and worked for him many a year, till he did a shameful
deed, at which the sun hid his face on high.

Then he fled from the anger of Minos, he and Icaros his son having made
themselves wings of feathers, and fixed the feathers with wax.  So they
flew over the sea toward Sicily; but Icaros flew too near the sun; and
the wax of his wings was melted, and he fell into the Icarian Sea.  But
Daidalos came safe to Sicily, and there wrought many a wondrous work; for
he made for King Cocalos a reservoir, from which a great river watered
all the land, and a castle and a treasury on a mountain, which the giants
themselves could not have stormed; and in Selinos he took the steam which
comes up from the fires of Ætna, and made of it a warm bath of vapour, to
cure the pains of mortal men; and he made a honeycomb of gold, in which
the bees came and stored their honey, and in Egypt he made the forecourt
of the temple of Hephaistos in Memphis, and a statue of himself within
it, and many another wondrous work.  And for Minos he made statues which
spoke and moved, and the temple of Britomartis, and the dancing-hall of
Ariadne, which he carved of fair white stone.  And in Sardinia he worked
for Iölaos, and in many a land beside, wandering up and down for ever
with his cunning, unlovely and accursed by men.

But Theseus stood before Minos, and they looked each other in the face.
And Minos bade take them to prison, and cast them to the monster one by
one, that the death of Androgeos might be avenged.  Then Theseus cried—

‘A boon, O Minos!  Let me be thrown first to the beast.  For I came
hither for that very purpose, of my own will, and not by lot.’

‘Who art thou, then, brave youth?’

‘I am the son of him whom of all men thou hatest most, Ægeus the king of
Athens, and I am come here to end this matter.’

And Minos pondered awhile, looking steadfastly at him, and he thought,
‘The lad means to atone by his own death for his father’s sin;’ and he
answered at last mildly—

‘Go back in peace, my son.  It is a pity that one so brave should die.’

But Theseus said, ‘I have sworn that I will not go back till I have seen
the monster face to face.’

And at that Minos frowned, and said, ‘Then thou shalt see him; take the
madman away.’

And they led Theseus away into the prison, with the other youths and
maids.

But Ariadne, Minos’ daughter, saw him, as she came out of her white stone
hall; and she loved him for his courage and his majesty, and said, ‘Shame
that such a youth should die!’  And by night she went down to the prison,
and told him all her heart; and said—

‘Flee down to your ship at once, for I have bribed the guards before the
door.  Flee, you and all your friends, and go back in peace to Greece;
and take me, take me with you! for I dare not stay after you are gone;
for my father will kill me miserably, if he knows what I have done.’

And Theseus stood silent awhile; for he was astonished and confounded by
her beauty: but at last he said, ‘I cannot go home in peace, till I have
seen and slain this Minotaur, and avenged the deaths of the youths and
maidens, and put an end to the terrors of my land.’

‘And will you kill the Minotaur?  How, then?’

‘I know not, nor do I care: but he must be strong if he be too strong for
me.’

Then she loved him all the more, and said, ‘But when you have killed him,
how will you find your way out of the labyrinth?’

‘I know not, neither do I care: but it must be a strange road, if I do
not find it out before I have eaten up the monster’s carcase.’

Then she loved him all the more, and said—‘Fair youth, you are too bold;
but I can help you, weak as I am.  I will give you a sword, and with that
perhaps you may slay the beast; and a clue of thread, and by that,
perhaps, you may find your way out again.  Only promise me that if you
escape safe you will take me home with you to Greece; for my father will
surely kill me, if he knows what I have done.’

Then Theseus laughed, and said, ‘Am I not safe enough now?’  And he hid
the sword in his bosom, and rolled up the clue in his hand; and then he
swore to Ariadne, and fell down before her, and kissed her hands and her
feet; and she wept over him a long while, and then went away; and Theseus
lay down and slept sweetly.

And when the evening came, the guards came in and led him away to the
labyrinth.

And he went down into that doleful gulf, through winding paths among the
rocks, under caverns, and arches, and galleries, and over heaps of fallen
stone.  And he turned on the left hand, and on the right hand, and went
up and down, till his head was dizzy; but all the while he held his clue.
For when he went in he had fastened it to a stone, and left it to unroll
out of his hand as he went on; and it lasted him till he met the
Minotaur, in a narrow chasm between black cliffs.

And when he saw him he stopped awhile, for he had never seen so strange a
beast.  His body was a man’s: but his head was the head of a bull; and
his teeth were the teeth of a lion, and with them he tore his prey.  And
when he saw Theseus he roared, and put his head down, and rushed right at
him.

But Theseus stept aside nimbly, and as he passed by, cut him in the knee;
and ere he could turn in the narrow path, he followed him, and stabbed
him again and again from behind, till the monster fled bellowing wildly;
for he never before had felt a wound.  And Theseus followed him at full
speed, holding the clue of thread in his left hand.

Then on, through cavern after cavern, under dark ribs of sounding stone,
and up rough glens and torrent-beds, among the sunless roots of Ida, and
to the edge of the eternal snow, went they, the hunter and the hunted,
while the hills bellowed to the monster’s bellow.

                     [Picture: Theseus and Minotaur]

And at last Theseus came up with him, where he lay panting on a slab
among the snow, and caught him by the horns, and forced his head back,
and drove the keen sword through his throat.

Then he turned, and went back limping and weary, feeling his way down by
the clue of thread, till he came to the mouth of that doleful place and
saw waiting for him, whom but Ariadne!

And he whispered ‘It is done!’ and showed her the sword; and she laid her
finger on her lips, and led him to the prison, and opened the doors, and
set all the prisoners free, while the guards lay sleeping heavily; for
she had silenced them with wine.

Then they fled to their ship together, and leapt on board, and hoisted up
the sail; and the night lay dark around them, so that they passed through
Minos’ ships, and escaped all safe to Naxos; and there Ariadne became
Theseus’ wife.



PART IV
HOW THESEUS FELL BY HIS PRIDE


But that fair Ariadne never came to Athens with her husband.  Some say
that Theseus left her sleeping on Naxos among the Cyclades; and that
Dionusos the wine-king found her, and took her up into the sky, as you
shall see some day in a painting of old Titian’s—one of the most glorious
pictures upon earth.  And some say that Dionusos drove away Theseus, and
took Ariadne from him by force: but however that may be, in his haste or
in his grief, Theseus forgot to put up the white sail.  Now Ægeus his
father sat and watched on Sunium day after day, and strained his old eyes
across the sea to see the ship afar.  And when he saw the black sail, and
not the white one, he gave up Theseus for dead, and in his grief he fell
into the sea, and died; so it is called the Ægean to this day.

And now Theseus was king of Athens, and he guarded it and ruled it well.

For he killed the bull of Marathon, which had killed Androgeos, Minos’
son; and he drove back the famous Amazons, the warlike women of the East,
when they came from Asia, and conquered all Hellas, and broke into Athens
itself.  But Theseus stopped them there, and conquered them, and took
Hippolute their queen to be his wife.  Then he went out to fight against
the Lapithai, and Peirithoos their famous king: but when the two heroes
came face to face they loved each other, and embraced, and became noble
friends; so that the friendship of Theseus and Peirithoos is a proverb
even now.  And he gathered (so the Athenians say) all the boroughs of the
land together, and knit them into one strong people, while before they
were all parted and weak: and many another wise thing he did, so that his
people honoured him after he was dead, for many a hundred years, as the
father of their freedom and their laws.  And six hundred years after his
death, in the famous fight at Marathon, men said that they saw the ghost
of Theseus, with his mighty brazen club, fighting in the van of battle
against the invading Persians, for the country which he loved.  And
twenty years after Marathon his bones (they say) were found in Scuros, an
isle beyond the sea; and they were bigger than the bones of mortal man.
So the Athenians brought them home in triumph; and all the people came
out to welcome them; and they built over them a noble temple, and adorned
it with sculptures and paintings in which we are told all the noble deeds
of Theseus, and the Centaurs, and the Lapithai, and the Amazons; and the
ruins of it are standing still.

But why did they find his bones in Scuros?  Why did he not die in peace
at Athens, and sleep by his father’s side?  Because after his triumph he
grew proud, and broke the laws of God and man.  And one thing worst of
all he did, which brought him to his grave with sorrow.  For he went down
(they say beneath the earth) with that bold Peirithoos his friend to help
him to carry off Persephone, the queen of the world below.  But
Peirithoos was killed miserably, in the dark fire-kingdoms under ground;
and Theseus was chained to a rock in everlasting pain.  And there he sat
for years, till Heracles the mighty came down to bring up the
three-headed dog who sits at Pluto’s gate.  So Heracles loosed him from
his chain, and brought him up to the light once more.

But when he came back his people had forgotten him, and Castor and
Polydeuces, the sons of the wondrous Swan, had invaded his land, and
carried off his mother Aithra for a slave, in revenge for a grievous
wrong.

                       [Picture: Warriors fighting]

So the fair land of Athens was wasted, and another king ruled it, who
drove out Theseus shamefully, and he fled across the sea to Scuros.  And
there he lived in sadness, in the house of Lucomedes the king, till
Lucomedes killed him by treachery, and there was an end of all his
labours.

So it is still, my children, and so it will be to the end.  In those old
Greeks, and in us also, all strength and virtue come from God.  But if
men grow proud and self-willed, and misuse God’s fair gifts, He lets them
go their own ways, and fall pitifully, that the glory may be His alone.
God help us all, and give us wisdom, and courage to do noble deeds! but
God keep pride from us when we have done them, lest we fall, and come to
shame!

                                * * * * *

                                 THE END

                                * * * * *

                 _Printed by_ R. & R. CLARK, _Edinburgh_.

                                * * * * *




Footnotes


{96}  In the Elgin Marbles.

{130a}  The Danube.

{130b}  Between the Crimæa and Circassia.

{130c}  The Sea of Azov.

{131a}  The Ural Mountains?

{131b}  The Baltic?

{132}  Britain?

{133}  The Azores?




***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HEROES***


******* This file should be named 677-0.txt or 677-0.zip *******


This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/7/677



Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
will be renamed.

Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
permission and without paying copyright royalties.  Special rules,
set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark.  Project
Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission.  If you
do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
rules is very easy.  You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
research.  They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks.  Redistribution is
subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
redistribution.



*** START: FULL LICENSE ***

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
http://www.gutenberg.org/license).


Section 1.  General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic works

1.A.  By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement.  If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B.  "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark.  It may only be
used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement.  There are a few
things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.  See
paragraph 1.C below.  There are a lot of things you can do with Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works.  See paragraph 1.E below.

1.C.  The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic works.  Nearly all the individual works in the
collection are in the public domain in the United States.  If an
individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
are removed.  Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
the work.  You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.

1.D.  The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work.  Copyright laws in most countries are in
a constant state of change.  If you are outside the United States, check
the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
Gutenberg-tm work.  The Foundation makes no representations concerning
the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
States.

1.E.  Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1.  The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
copied or distributed:

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

1.E.2.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
or charges.  If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
1.E.9.

1.E.3.  If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
terms imposed by the copyright holder.  Additional terms will be linked
to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.

1.E.4.  Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.

1.E.5.  Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg-tm License.

1.E.6.  You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
word processing or hypertext form.  However, if you provide access to or
distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
form.  Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7.  Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8.  You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
that

- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
     the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
     you already use to calculate your applicable taxes.  The fee is
     owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
     has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
     Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.  Royalty payments
     must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
     prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
     returns.  Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
     sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
     address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
     the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."

- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
     you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
     does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
     License.  You must require such a user to return or
     destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
     and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
     Project Gutenberg-tm works.

- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
     money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
     electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
     of receipt of the work.

- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
     distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.

1.E.9.  If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark.  Contact the
Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1.  Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
collection.  Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
your equipment.

1.F.2.  LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
fees.  YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3.  YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

1.F.3.  LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
written explanation to the person you received the work from.  If you
received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
your written explanation.  The person or entity that provided you with
the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
refund.  If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund.  If the second copy
is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
opportunities to fix the problem.

1.F.4.  Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER
WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5.  Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
the applicable state law.  The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6.  INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.


Section  2.  Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm

Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.  It exists
because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
remain freely available for generations to come.  In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf.


Section 3.  Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation

The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service.  The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541.  Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.

The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
throughout numerous locations.  Its business office is located at
809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
business@pglaf.org.  Email contact links and up to date contact
information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact

For additional contact information:
     Dr. Gregory B. Newby
     Chief Executive and Director
     gbnewby@pglaf.org

Section 4.  Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation

Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
array of equipment including outdated equipment.  Many small donations
($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States.  Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
with these requirements.  We do not solicit donations in locations
where we have not received written confirmation of compliance.  To
SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States.  U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
methods and addresses.  Donations are accepted in a number of other
ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations.
To donate, please visit:
http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate


Section 5.  General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
works.

Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
with anyone.  For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
unless a copyright notice is included.  Thus, we do not necessarily
keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.

Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:

     http://www.gutenberg.org

This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.